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    Admitted cheque signatures raise debt presumptions, while revisional courts cannot reassess concurrent evidence without material jurisdictional error.
    Vicarious cheque dishonour liability cannot arise from family ties where the accused neither drew nor maintained the account.
    Post-award interim protection remains available to unsuccessful arbitral parties, subject to a higher threshold for exceptional relief.
    Public-law scrutiny of banking fraud caution lists bars blacklisting advocates for alleged negligence without fraud or disciplinary process.
    Mandatory pre-summoning inquiry may be met by affidavit and documents; cheque-liability presumptions require disputed defences to face trial.
    Cheque execution presumptions sustain liability where repayment remains unproved, including for security cheques and account-closed dishonour.
    Cheque-dishonour liability remains personal: non-signatory spouse cannot be vicariously prosecuted for a sole proprietorship's dishonoured cheque.
    Payee or holder status governs cheque-dishonour complaints; proceedings by an unauthorised deceased payee's heir were quashed.
    Statutory limits on Facilitation Council membership can render an arbitral award void and permit exceptional writ review.
    Administrative fraud classification suspension does not halt independent criminal investigation or warrant-based searches into alleged economic offenc...
    Stamp duty on mining leases may rest on anticipated royalty where extraction value is indeterminate at execution.
    Contractual GST reimbursement arbitration remains valid, but unsupported tax calculations may be severed and remitted for fresh determination.
    Insolvency moratorium does not shield company officers from cheque dishonour prosecution for liability arising before corporate insolvency proceedings...
    Vicarious liability for cheque dishonour requires specific allegations linking each director to the company's business and transaction.
    Cheque dishonour presumptions survive cash-loan reporting breaches, while rebuttal requires more than a bare denial of liability.
    Non-arbitrability of company restructuring disputes requires NCLT adjudication, permitting supervisory intervention and ending arbitration concerning ...
    Statutory demand notice must exclude stale or prematurely presented cheques and require valid service for cheque dishonour prosecution.
    Anti-evasion computation of royalty, DMF and NMET in sale value upheld; three-year royalty-rate revision limit does not apply
    Reduced cheque demand after part payments does not invalidate statutory notice where liability and balance are clearly explained
    Inordinate delay, conditional settlement and double jeopardy fail in cheque dishonour challenge; fine reduced for later payment credit
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      Vicarious liability of directors for cheque dishonour under...

      Vicarious liability for cheque dishonour requires specific allegations linking each director to the company's business and transaction.

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      Indian LawsJuly 24, 2026Case LawsHC
      Vicarious liability of directors for cheque dishonour under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act requires specific averments showing how and in what manner each director was in charge of, and responsible for, the company's business. A general statement that all directors managed daily affairs is insufficient, particularly where the complaint neither assigns an individual role nor identifies the cheque signatory. The notes state that absent these foundational allegations, proceedings against a non-signatory director amount to abuse of process and may be quashed insofar as that director is concerned.

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      ActsIncome Tax