Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Constitutional judicial review permits challenges to ECIRs and connected money-laundering proceedings where coercive action affects fundamental intere...
Transaction value remains the primary customs valuation basis and cannot be rejected solely because the declared price appears low. Rule 12 requires reasonable doubt supported by evidence; NIDB data alone was insufficient where the Department did not establish undervaluation, additional consideration, flow-back, or comparability of alleged contemporaneous imports by quantity, commercial level, manufacturer, branding, quality or specifications. The article notes that invalid value enhancement defeats the consequential differential duty and interest demand. Where confiscation rests entirely on the failed undervaluation allegation and no independent misdeclaration is evidenced, confiscation, redemption fine and penalty are also unsustainable.
Transaction value remains the primary customs valuation basis and cannot be rejected solely because the declared price appears low. Rule 12 requires reasonable doubt supported by evidence; NIDB data alone was insufficient where the Department did not establish undervaluation, additional consideration, flow-back, or comparability of alleged contemporaneous imports by quantity, commercial level, manufacturer, branding, quality or specifications. The article notes that invalid value enhancement defeats the consequential differential duty and interest demand. Where confiscation rests entirely on the failed undervaluation allegation and no independent misdeclaration is evidenced, confiscation, redemption fine and penalty are also unsustainable.
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