Bogus donation receipts justified commission income assessment and defeated political-party tax exemption for inaccurate accounts and reporting failur...
Pure reimbursement without income element escapes tax withholding, while delayed withholding and unsupported provisions face deferred or renewed scrut...
Public benefit requirement defeats charitable registration where residents' association services are reciprocal, member-only facilities governed by mu...
Exempt-income expenditure disallowance is confined to investments that actually generated exempt income, while supported business expenses remain dedu...
Objective characteristics and principal use govern mining-tyre classification, while fresh advance ruling applications may rely on additional technica...
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Specialised qualifications for agricultural-land valuers are justified by the technical factors required in valuation, including land classification, crops, soil quality, fertility, irrigation, cultivation and comparable sales. Rule 8A(3) validly requires a degree in Agricultural Science and relevant farm-valuation experience, while treating specified former Government officers with prescribed service experience as a distinct eligible class based on their land-administration and valuation experience. The rule is not arbitrary or discriminatory merely because persons with other qualifications, including Civil Engineering, claim competence. The constitutional challenge under Articles 14 and 19 failed, and rejection of registration for lack of the prescribed qualification remained undisturbed.
Specialised qualifications for agricultural-land valuers are justified by the technical factors required in valuation, including land classification, crops, soil quality, fertility, irrigation, cultivation and comparable sales. Rule 8A(3) validly requires a degree in Agricultural Science and relevant farm-valuation experience, while treating specified former Government officers with prescribed service experience as a distinct eligible class based on their land-administration and valuation experience. The rule is not arbitrary or discriminatory merely because persons with other qualifications, including Civil Engineering, claim competence. The constitutional challenge under Articles 14 and 19 failed, and rejection of registration for lack of the prescribed qualification remained undisturbed.
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