Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Constitutional judicial review permits challenges to ECIRs and connected money-laundering proceedings where coercive action affects fundamental intere...
Specialised qualifications for agricultural-land valuers are justified by the technical factors required in valuation, including land classification, crops, soil quality, fertility, irrigation, cultivation and comparable sales. Rule 8A(3) validly requires a degree in Agricultural Science and relevant farm-valuation experience, while treating specified former Government officers with prescribed service experience as a distinct eligible class based on their land-administration and valuation experience. The rule is not arbitrary or discriminatory merely because persons with other qualifications, including Civil Engineering, claim competence. The constitutional challenge under Articles 14 and 19 failed, and rejection of registration for lack of the prescribed qualification remained undisturbed.
Specialised qualifications for agricultural-land valuers are justified by the technical factors required in valuation, including land classification, crops, soil quality, fertility, irrigation, cultivation and comparable sales. Rule 8A(3) validly requires a degree in Agricultural Science and relevant farm-valuation experience, while treating specified former Government officers with prescribed service experience as a distinct eligible class based on their land-administration and valuation experience. The rule is not arbitrary or discriminatory merely because persons with other qualifications, including Civil Engineering, claim competence. The constitutional challenge under Articles 14 and 19 failed, and rejection of registration for lack of the prescribed qualification remained undisturbed.
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