Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Constitutional judicial review permits challenges to ECIRs and connected money-laundering proceedings where coercive action affects fundamental intere...
A statutory demand notice under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act must demand the cheque amount, but it must also be read as a whole. Where part payments reduce the outstanding liability, a notice that identifies the original liability, dishonoured cheques, payments received, and computation of the balance is not invalid merely because it demands less than the aggregate cheque amounts. Whether the cheques continued to represent a legally enforceable debt, whether Section 56 applied, and the effect of absent endorsement were matters requiring evidence. Those issues could not be conclusively decided while reviewing a summoning order, so the complaint was allowed to proceed on its merits.
A statutory demand notice under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act must demand the cheque amount, but it must also be read as a whole. Where part payments reduce the outstanding liability, a notice that identifies the original liability, dishonoured cheques, payments received, and computation of the balance is not invalid merely because it demands less than the aggregate cheque amounts. Whether the cheques continued to represent a legally enforceable debt, whether Section 56 applied, and the effect of absent endorsement were matters requiring evidence. Those issues could not be conclusively decided while reviewing a summoning order, so the complaint was allowed to proceed on its merits.
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