Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Constitutional judicial review permits challenges to ECIRs and connected money-laundering proceedings where coercive action affects fundamental intere...
Mere designation as director is insufficient to fasten liability for a company's FEMA contravention; under Section 42, there must be a specific finding that the person was in charge of and responsible for the conduct of business, or that the contravention occurred with consent, connivance or neglect. Applying S.M.S. Pharmaceuticals, the Tribunal found no material showing the appellant was responsible for the company's export-import business, and his role was confined to software, hardware and limited banking substitution for the Managing Director. As the impugned order did not address his denial of responsibility, the penalty was set aside.
Mere designation as director is insufficient to fasten liability for a company's FEMA contravention; under Section 42, there must be a specific finding that the person was in charge of and responsible for the conduct of business, or that the contravention occurred with consent, connivance or neglect. Applying S.M.S. Pharmaceuticals, the Tribunal found no material showing the appellant was responsible for the company's export-import business, and his role was confined to software, hardware and limited banking substitution for the Managing Director. As the impugned order did not address his denial of responsibility, the penalty was set aside.
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