Clean slate principle extinguishes uncrystallised operational claims and bars continuation of pending recovery and arbitral proceedings after plan app...
Works contract classification governs composite layout-development contracts where VAT-paid goods are transferred alongside construction and infrastru...
Specified income tax exemption for pollution control body remains conditional on non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return filin...
Jurisdictional facts in certificate-of-origin discrepancies can support customs show-cause proceedings, leaving factual explanations for departmental ...
Notification No. 45/2025-Customs is construed strictly: DSIR recognition is a necessary but not sufficient condition, because the importer must also show that each item is a notified consumable, essential for approved research, supported by the prescribed certificate, and actually used for the stated end use. On that basis, pre-Exhibit Batch R&D imports consumed or substantially used in experimentation, formulation, validation and related research can qualify, subject to full compliance with the conditions. Imports linked to the Exhibit Batch do not qualify if the goods are transferred to the manufacturing facility, or if the manufacturing facility itself imports them, because the eligible importer requirement and transfer prohibition are not met.
Notification No. 45/2025-Customs is construed strictly: DSIR recognition is a necessary but not sufficient condition, because the importer must also show that each item is a notified consumable, essential for approved research, supported by the prescribed certificate, and actually used for the stated end use. On that basis, pre-Exhibit Batch R&D imports consumed or substantially used in experimentation, formulation, validation and related research can qualify, subject to full compliance with the conditions. Imports linked to the Exhibit Batch do not qualify if the goods are transferred to the manufacturing facility, or if the manufacturing facility itself imports them, because the eligible importer requirement and transfer prohibition are not met.
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