Commercial vehicle depreciation, scientifically determined warranty provisions and exempt-income disallowances were resolved in favour of the taxpayer...
Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Notification No. 45/2025-Customs is construed strictly: DSIR recognition is a necessary but not sufficient condition, because the importer must also show that each item is a notified consumable, essential for approved research, supported by the prescribed certificate, and actually used for the stated end use. On that basis, pre-Exhibit Batch R&D imports consumed or substantially used in experimentation, formulation, validation and related research can qualify, subject to full compliance with the conditions. Imports linked to the Exhibit Batch do not qualify if the goods are transferred to the manufacturing facility, or if the manufacturing facility itself imports them, because the eligible importer requirement and transfer prohibition are not met.
Notification No. 45/2025-Customs is construed strictly: DSIR recognition is a necessary but not sufficient condition, because the importer must also show that each item is a notified consumable, essential for approved research, supported by the prescribed certificate, and actually used for the stated end use. On that basis, pre-Exhibit Batch R&D imports consumed or substantially used in experimentation, formulation, validation and related research can qualify, subject to full compliance with the conditions. Imports linked to the Exhibit Batch do not qualify if the goods are transferred to the manufacturing facility, or if the manufacturing facility itself imports them, because the eligible importer requirement and transfer prohibition are not met.
Note: It is a system-generated summary and is for quick reference only.
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