Transfer pricing comparability under TNMM: foreign exchange loss on ECB excluded from operating cost, and a functionally dissimilar comparator removed...
Fake AI-generated precedents vitiate adjudication, with unverified citations contaminating the decision-making process and undermining the rule of law...
Penalties under Sections 112(a) and 114AA were held unsustainable where the importer filed an emission certificate issued by an authorised agency, together with Bills of Entry and supporting technical documents, and Customs cleared the goods after verification. The Tribunal found no suppression, concealment, or knowing use of a false or incorrect document, and accepted that the importer acted bona fide in relying on the certificate. The later objection that the certificate was not in the form of a type approval certificate did not establish the ingredients for penalty, so the penalties were set aside.
Penalties under Sections 112(a) and 114AA were held unsustainable where the importer filed an emission certificate issued by an authorised agency, together with Bills of Entry and supporting technical documents, and Customs cleared the goods after verification. The Tribunal found no suppression, concealment, or knowing use of a false or incorrect document, and accepted that the importer acted bona fide in relying on the certificate. The later objection that the certificate was not in the form of a type approval certificate did not establish the ingredients for penalty, so the penalties were set aside.
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