Defined public benefit can retain charitable character; registration renewal requires examining genuine activities and legal compliance, not surplus a...
Capital reduction is distinct from share buy-back, preventing buy-back tax; restructuring interest and related business deductions also survive scruti...
Transfer pricing and tax deductions upheld on established principles, while employee contributions and warranty provisions returned for fresh examinat...
Captive transfer pricing relies on industrial consumer tariffs, while genuine quotations can benchmark effluent treatment transfers under the Other Me...
Specific tariff classification for ophthalmic instruments and extended limitation principles determine the treatment of duty demands, confiscation, an...
Section 138 NI Act proceedings were described as quasi-criminal but predominantly criminal, with the offence lying in cheque dishonour and punishment operating mainly as deterrence rather than debt recovery. The compensatory component was treated separately, and moratorium under Part III of the IBC was held inapplicable to the criminal aspect but applicable to recovery of compensation in appropriate cases. For directors facing liability under Section 141, the use of "any debt" in Sections 96 and 101 of the IBC was read broadly to extend moratorium protection to compensatory obligations during personal insolvency. The text ends by noting that the controversy was not finally settled and was referred for authoritative consideration.
Section 138 NI Act proceedings were described as quasi-criminal but predominantly criminal, with the offence lying in cheque dishonour and punishment operating mainly as deterrence rather than debt recovery. The compensatory component was treated separately, and moratorium under Part III of the IBC was held inapplicable to the criminal aspect but applicable to recovery of compensation in appropriate cases. For directors facing liability under Section 141, the use of "any debt" in Sections 96 and 101 of the IBC was read broadly to extend moratorium protection to compensatory obligations during personal insolvency. The text ends by noting that the controversy was not finally settled and was referred for authoritative consideration.
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