In the present transaction, the Indian entity shall be treated as the importer of record since the goods (shaft) are being physically imported into India from the Australian supplier, though the commercial payment is routed through the group company in USA. Under RBI Master Direction - Import of Goods and Services, "Third Party Payment for Import Transactions" is permissible, provided there is a firm purchase order / tripartite arrangement and the import documents clearly disclose the third-party payment mechanism.
Accordingly, in IDPMS/ICEGATE, the Bill of Entry must be filed in the name of the Indian importer, with the Australian supplier as shipper/exporter, and narration that payment is to be remitted to / through the USA affiliate as third-party beneficiary. The AD Category-I Bank shall close the IDPMS entry based on the Bill of Entry, import invoice, inter-company debit note / agreement, and proof that the remittance has been made to the USA office which in turn settles the Australian supplier.
The transaction shall not qualify as merchanting trade since goods are entering India. Compliance should be aligned with Para B.7 (Third Party Payment for Import Transactions) of RBI Master Direction No. 17/2016-17 under FEMA, subject to AD Bank satisfaction regarding bona fides, FATF compliance, and matching of import documents with remittance trail.