Bank amalgamation rules: RBI requires board and shareholder approvals, independent valuations, and safeguards for capital and dissenting shareholders. These Directions establish the Reserve Bank's framework for voluntary amalgamation of private sector banks and NBFC bank amalgamations, requiring board approval by a two thirds majority of total board membership, shareholder approval by two thirds in value of votes cast, comprehensive due diligence, independent valuation and fair swap ratios, submission of detailed financials and valuer reports, scrutiny of capital adequacy and shareholding concentration, prior Reserve Bank sanction for NBFC amalgamations before Tribunal submission, and provision for dissenting shareholders to claim value as determined by the Reserve Bank.