Tariff classification turns on actual function: a grease pump was held classifiable as a liquid pump, not a residual machine entry.

Imported grease pumps are to be classified by their actual and specific function: where the article merely transfers grease from the reservoir to the master feeder block, it falls within the heading for pumps for liquids. A residual heading for machines with individual functions not elsewhere specified cannot be used when a more specific tariff entry directly covers the goods. On that reasoning, the grease pump was correctly classified under sub-heading 8413.81 and not under Heading 84.79.

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Issues: Whether the imported grease pump was classifiable under Heading 84.13 as a pump for liquids, or under Heading 84.79 as a machine having an individual function not specified elsewhere in Chapter 84.

Analysis: The decisive test was the actual function of the imported item. The technical literature and the description of the system showed that the pump merely transferred grease from the reservoir to the master feeder block. The subsequent distribution of lubricant to the various points of the machine was done by other components, not by the pump itself. Since Heading 84.13 specifically covers pumps for liquids and the function of the imported article was confined to pumping grease, the more appropriate classification was under that heading. Heading 84.79, being a residual entry for machines having individual functions not elsewhere specified, could not be applied where the goods were specifically covered by Heading 84.13. Reliance was also placed on the HSN notes to Chapter 84 supporting this functional classification.

Conclusion: The imported grease pump was correctly classifiable under sub-heading 8413.81 of the Customs Tariff and not under Heading 84.79.

Ratio Decidendi: For tariff classification, the goods must be classified according to their actual and specific function, and a residual heading cannot be used where a more specific heading directly covers the article.

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