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Issues: Whether the notice issued for reopening the assessment beyond four years was valid in the absence of any failure by the assessee to disclose fully and truly all material facts, and whether the reopening was based merely on a change of opinion and audit objection.
Analysis: The assessment for the relevant year had already been completed under section 143(3) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The recorded reasons showed that the very transaction relating to sale of land and the claim of long-term capital gain had already been part of the scrutiny assessment. In such a situation, reopening after the expiry of four years could not be sustained unless there was a failure on the part of the assessee to make full and true disclosure of all material facts. The reasons also proceeded on assumptions about the return form and the nature of income, without showing any fresh tangible material or independent reasoning by the Assessing Officer. The reopening was thus founded on an audit objection and amounted to a mere change of opinion.
Conclusion: The reopening notice was invalid and was liable to be quashed.
Final Conclusion: The assessee succeeded in challenging the reassessment initiation, and the impugned notice was set aside.
Ratio Decidendi: Reopening of a completed assessment beyond four years is impermissible unless the recorded reasons disclose a failure by the assessee to fully and truly disclose material facts, and such reopening cannot rest on a mere change of opinion or an audit objection without fresh tangible material.