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Issues: Whether goods issued under Chapter X procedure and entered in the RG 16 register could be returned to the original manufacturer when defects were noticed at the assembly-line stage, notwithstanding that the defect was not detected immediately on receipt.
Analysis: The applicable rules were read as enabling an L6 licence-holder to return defective or damaged goods to the original manufacturer after notice to the Central Excise authorities. The phrase "on receipt" was not treated as requiring a rigid, instantaneous inspection at the exact moment of delivery. The interpretation adopted by the authorities below was rejected because it would make the procedure unworkable in large-scale operations and would defeat the object of the rule. A literal construction that produces an absurd or nugatory result was declined, and the later trade notices were treated as reflecting the proper administrative understanding of the procedure. The Court also distinguished strict construction of charging or penal provisions from machinery provisions, which may receive a liberal construction to advance the remedy.
Conclusion: The return of defective goods detected at the assembly-line stage was held to be permissible under the relevant rules, and the demand was set aside in favour of the assessee.
Ratio Decidendi: Machinery provisions in a fiscal scheme must be construed liberally to advance the remedy and avoid an absurd or unworkable result; the expression "on receipt" may include defects discovered shortly after receipt before the goods are put into use.