Income-tax rate structure and surcharge rules are revised with updated slabs, company rates, and agricultural loss set-off provisions. Income-tax rates for the relevant assessment year are aligned with the modified First Schedule and related provisions of the Finance Act, 2013, with substitution of references to the year 2014. The revised framework prescribes slab-based rates for individuals, including separate thresholds for senior citizens and very senior citizens, and maintains distinct rates for co-operative societies, firms, local authorities and companies. Surcharge provisions apply to specified categories of taxpayers where total income exceeds the prescribed threshold, with graded surcharge rates for domestic and other companies and ceiling provisions limiting the combined tax and surcharge payable in defined income bands.