Exchange of information enables targeted tax transparency while protecting legally privileged and trade secret information.

Article 26 provides a framework for Exchange of Information between competent authorities to apply the Agreement and prevent tax evasion or avoidance. Exchanged information is secret but may be disclosed to persons involved in tax assessment, collection, enforcement, investigation or prosecution or to the person concerned. Exchanges may be routine or on request, with agreement on routine lists. A State is not required to act contrary to its laws or administrative practice, to provide information not obtainable under its laws or normal administration, or to disclose trade or professional secrets or information contrary to public policy.

---

---

---