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Provision for bad and doubtful debts limit increased, expanding allowable bank deduction for relevant assessment years.
The amendment raises the deduction ceiling for provision for bad and doubtful debts under section 36(1)(viia)(a) from seven and one-half per cent to eight and one-half per cent of total income (computed before deductions under the clause and Chapter VIA), while retaining the separate ten per cent cap linked to aggregate average advances of rural branches; it applies to specified scheduled, non-scheduled and cooperative banks and takes effect from 1 April 2018 for assessment year 2018-19 onward.
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The amendment disallows capital-expenditure deductions for specified business where payments (or aggregate payments to a person in a day) are made otherwise than by account payee cheque, account payee bank draft, or electronic clearing system through a bank and exceed the prescribed cash threshold, expanding the existing exclusion alongside acquisitions such as land, goodwill, and financial instruments.
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Relief from notional rental income: annual value treated nil for builder stock in trade unsold after one year post completion.
The annual value of a building and land held as stock-in-trade by a builder or developer shall be taken as nil where the property or any part is not let, for the period up to one year from the end of the financial year in which the certificate of completion is obtained from the competent authority, thereby excluding notional rental income for that post-completion period.
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Cash donation limits for political parties restrict non-bank payments; mandatory tax return filing required for exemption.
Eligibility for political party tax exemption is conditioned on banning donations above a prescribed cash threshold except when received by bank cheque, bank draft, electronic clearing or by electoral bond, and on timely furnishing of the income-tax return for the previous year; electoral bond contributions are excluded from the standard donation-reporting requirement and a statutory definition of electoral bond is introduced.
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Filing requirement for tax exemption: timely income-tax return now mandatory to claim exemptions under sections 11 and 12.
A new clause (c) in subsection (1) of section 12A makes timely filing of the return of income referred to in subsection (4A) of section 139 a condition for claiming exemptions under sections 11 and 12; the amendment applies prospectively from the stated commencement and to the specified assessment year and subsequent years.
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Registration requirement for trusts: amended objects not conforming to original registration must seek fresh 12AA registration within thirty days.
Where a trust or institution registered under section 12AA or earlier section 12A adopts or modifies its objects so they no longer conform to registration conditions, it must apply for registration in the prescribed form and manner within thirty days of such adoption or modification and be registered under section 12AA to qualify for sections 11 and 12 exemptions.
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Corpus-directed contributions are not treated as application of income under income-tax law, limiting trust deductions.
A new explanation excludes from application-of-income treatment any amount credited or paid out of a trust's income when the contribution is made with a specific direction that it shall form part of the recipient trust's corpus, clarifying that such corpus-directed transfers will not count as application of income for charitable or religious purposes while preserving existing rules for accumulated-income transfers.
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SEZ deduction under section 10AA limited to the assessee's computed total income, preventing deduction beyond taxable income.
The amendment inserts an Explanation specifying that the SEZ-unit deduction is to be allowed from the assessee's total income computed under the Income-tax Act before giving effect to that special deduction, and that the deduction shall not exceed such total income; the change is made to address a judicial ruling on the stage of deduction.
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Exemption for foreign company income from sale of leftover crude oil after agreement expiry, subject to notified conditions.
A new clause excludes from total income any income of a foreign company arising from sale of leftover crude oil at an Indian facility after expiry of a government approved storage and sale agreement, subject to conditions to be notified by the Central Government; the amendment is prospective and applies from the designated assessment year.
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Capital gains exemption restriction applies where securities transaction tax not paid on equity share transfers, affecting post acquisition transactions.
Amendment to clause 38 of section 10 denies exemption for income from transfer of a long-term capital asset being an equity share where the acquisition (unless notified otherwise) was entered into on or after 1 October 2004 and the transaction is not chargeable to Securities Transaction Tax under the Finance (No.2) Act, 2004; the change is proposed in the Finance Bill, 2017 and applies retrospectively from 1 October 2004.
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Exemption from capital gains for transfer of land under specified land pooling scheme, applied retrospectively to relevant assessment years.
A new exemption excludes from total income capital gains arising to an individual or Hindu undivided family on transfer of land under the Andhra Pradesh Capital City Land Pooling Scheme, provided the assessee was the owner of the specified capital asset as of the statutory cut-off date; the amendment clarifies the term "specified capital asset" and applies retrospectively to the relevant assessment years.
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Voluntary contributions to corpus not treated as application of income for registered trusts, altering donor tax treatment.
The amendment provides that any amount credited or paid out of income as a voluntary contribution with a specific direction that it shall form part of the corpus of a trust or institution registered under the charitable-registration framework shall not be treated as an application of income for purposes of the entity's objects.
Act Rules Bills
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Exemption for Chief Minister's Relief Fund under income-tax law applied retrospectively to earlier assessment years.
An amendment inserts a new sub-clause to extend income-tax exclusion to the Chief Minister's Relief Fund and the Lieutenant Governor's Relief Fund, aligning their tax treatment with other recognised relief funds and applying the exclusion retrospectively to the assessment years beginning from when deduction provisions for payments to those funds first became operative.
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Partial NPS withdrawal exemption allows tax-free withdrawals under PFRDA-regulated conditions for eligible employees.
An amendment adds a tax exemption for employee partial withdrawals from the National Pension System Trust, excluding from total income those withdrawals that do not exceed twenty-five per cent of the employee's contributions, provided the withdrawal complies with terms and conditions under the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 2013 and its regulations; the amendment is effective from 1 April 2018 for the stated assessment year and subsequent years.
Act Rules Bills
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Exempted income definition clarified: correct reference for 'person resident outside India' aligns NRE interest exemption retrospectively.
The proviso to clause (ii) of clause (4) of section 10 is amended to correct the cross reference for the expression "person resident outside India", replacing an outdated citation with the definition as enacted under the Foreign Exchange framework; the amendment is clarificatory and operates retrospectively to the date the clause was first brought into effect.
Act Rules Bills
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Corpus requirement for eligible investment funds exempted where fund was wound up in previous year, amendment applies retrospectively.
The Finance Bill, 2017 inserts a proviso to clause (j) of section 9A(3) providing that the clause imposing a minimum monthly average corpus shall not apply to a fund which has been wound up in the previous year; the amendment is retrospective to 1 April 2016 and applies to assessment year 2016-17 and later years.
Act Rules Bills
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Asset-situs rule clarified: Explanation 5A exempts shares held through registered foreign portfolio investors from deemed India-situs.
Explanation 5A clarifies that the Explanation deeming foreign shares or interests as situated in India does not apply where a non-resident holds those assets by investment, directly or indirectly, through a Foreign Institutional Investor registered as a foreign portfolio investor under the applicable regulations; the amendment is described as clarificatory and given retrospective effect in the Budget proposal.
Act Rules Bills
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Short-term capital asset definition expanded to include prior holding period of units in a consolidating mutual fund plan.
The amendment expands the definition of short-term capital asset by providing that where units become the assessee's property in consideration of a specified transfer, the period for which those units were held by the assessee in the consolidating mutual fund plan shall be included in computing the holding period for determining short-term or long-term status.
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Short-term capital asset definition extended to include preference share holding period when converted into equity shares.
Amendment expands the definition of short-term capital asset so that equity shares received as consideration in a specified transfer include the period during which the assessee held the preference shares, thereby aggregating the preference shares' holding period with that of the equity shares for classification purposes.
Act Rules Bills
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Holding period for immovable property shortened to qualify as short-term capital asset, changing capital gains classification.
Amendment shortens the holding-period threshold for classifying immovable property as a short-term capital asset, revising the third proviso to the definition so that land or building held for less than the newly prescribed period will be treated as short-term, thereby altering the application of the holding-period rule for capital gains treatment.

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AMENDMENTS TO THE CUSTOMS TARIFF ACT, 1975

1 February, 2026

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Union Budget 2026-27 - Finance Bill, 2026

(a) The First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 is proposed to be amended to carry out changes as under-

A.

Modification in Tariff rate (to be effective from 02.02.2026) * [Clause 136(a) of the Finance Bill, 2026]

*Will come into effect immediately through a declaration under the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 2023

Rate of Basic Customs Duty

S. No.

Heading, sub-heading, tariff item

Commodity

From (per cent)

To (per cent)

MSME sector

1.

6601 91 00,

6601 99 00

Umbrellas (other than garden umbrellas)

20%

20% or Rs. 60 per piece, whichever is higher

2.

6603 20 00, 6603 90 10, 6603 90 90

Parts, trimmings and accessories of articles of heading 6601 to 6602

10%

10% or Rs. 25 per kg., whichever is higher

B.

Decrease in Tariff rate (to be effective from 01.04.2026) [Clause 136(b) of the Finance Bill, 2026]

Rate of Basic Customs Duty

1.

9804

All dutiable goods, imported for personal use

20%

10%

C.

Tariff rate changes (without any change in effective rate of duty) [to be effective from 01.05.2026, unless otherwise specified] * [Clause 136(c) of the Finance Bill, 2026]

*Note:

1. The current applied rate of Basic Customs Duty on these commodities operate through their respective exemption/concessional duty notification(s). Such corresponding entries would be omitted from the concerned notification(s) with effect from 01.05.2026, as the same would operate through the Customs Tariff Act, 1975, in the manner as detailed below. It is an exercise for simplification of the Customs tariff structure and applicable Basic Customs Duty rate on these items would remain unchanged.

2. Heading and sub-heading referred in column (2) shall include all tariff items under such heading or sub- heading.

3. The said changes are to be read with consequent amendments related to Social Welfare Surcharge (SWS) and Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess (AIDC).

Rate of Duty

S. No.

Heading, sub-heading tariff item

Commodity

From

To

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

1.

0207 25 00, 0207 27 00

Meat and edible offal of turkeys, frozen

30%

5%

2.

0306 36 60

Artemia

5%

Nil

3.

0511 91 40

Artemia cysts

5%

Nil

4.

0802 11 00

Almonds, in shell

Rs.42 per kg

Rs.35 per kg

5.

0802 12 00

Almonds, shelled

Rs.120 per kg

Rs. 100 per kg

6.

0802 31 00

Walnuts, in shell

120%

100%

7.

1209 (other than those falling under sub headings 1209 91 and 1209 99)

Seeds, fruit and spores, of a kind used for sowing

30%

15%

8.

1505

Wool grease and fatty substances derived therefrom (including lanolin)

30%

15%

9.

2008 19 21, 2008 19 22, 2008 19 29, 2008 19 91

Makhana, other roasted nuts and seeds

150%

30%

10.

2008 19 92

Other nuts, otherwise prepared or preserved

150%

30%

11.

2309 90 31

Prawn and shrimps feed

15%

5%

12.

2504

Natural graphite

5%

2.5%

13.

2505

Natural sands of all kinds, whether or not coloured, other than metal bearing sands of chapter 26 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975

5%

Nil

14.

2506

Quartz (other than natural sands); quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape

5%

2.5%

15.

2530 90 91

Strontium sulphate (natural ore)

5%

Nil

16.

2701, 2702, 2703

Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal; Lignite, whether or not agglomerated, excluding jet; Peat (including peat litter), whether or not agglomerated

5%

2.5%

17.

2709 00 10

Petroleum crude

5%

Re 1 per tonne

18.

2804 50 20

Tellurium

5%

Nil

19.

2804 61 00

Silicon, containing by weight not less than 99.99% of silicon

5%

Nil

20.

2804 69 00

Silicon, other

5%

Nil

21.

2804 90 00

Selenium

5%

Nil

22.

2805 30 00

Rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or inter alloyed

5%

Nil

23.

2809 20 10

Phosphoric Acid

7.5%

5%

24.

2811 22 00

Silicon dioxide

7.5%

2.5%

25.

2816 40 00

Oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium

7.5%

Nil

26.

2822 00 10

Cobalt oxides

7.5%

Nil

27.

2822 00 20

Cobalt hydroxides

7.5%

Nil

28.

2822 00 30

Commercial cobalt oxides

7.5%

Nil

29.

2825 20 00

Lithium oxide and hydroxide

7.5%

Nil

30.

2825 30

Vanadium oxides and hydroxides

7.5%

Nil

31.

2825 60 10

Germanium oxides

7.5%

Nil

32.

2825 70

Molybdenum oxides and hydroxides

7.5%

Nil

33.

2825 80 00

Antimony Oxides

7.5%

Nil

34.

2825 90 20

Cadmium oxide

7.5%

Nil

35.

2827 35 00

Chlorides of Nickel

7.5%

Nil

36.

2827 39 30

Strontium chloride

7.5%

Nil

37.

2833 24 00

Sulphates of Nickel

7.5%

Nil

38.

2834 21 00

Nitrates of potassium

7.5%

Nil

39.

2836 91 00

Lithium carbonates

7.5%

Nil

40.

2836 92 00

Strontium carbonate

7.5%

Nil

41.

2910 20 00

Methyloxirane (propylene oxide)

5%

2.5%

42.

2918 15 30

Bismuth citrate

7.5%

Nil

43.

3102 30 00

Ammonium nitrate, whether or not in aqueous solution

10%

5%

44.

3801

Artificial Graphite; colloidal or semi-colloidal graphite; preparations based on graphite or other carbon in form of pastes, blocks, plates or other semi- manufactures

7.5%

2.5%

45.

3808 93 30

Gibberellic acid

10%

5%

46.

3904

Polymers of vinyl chloride or of other halogenated olefins, in primary forms

10%

7.5%

47.

4906

Plans and drawings for architectural, engineering, industrial, commercial, topographical or similar purposes, being originals drawn by hand; hand-written texts; photographic reproductions on sensitised paper and carbon copies of the foregoing

10%

Nil

48.

5201 00 25

Other cotton of staple length exceeding 32.0 mm

5%

Nil

49.

7202 60 00

Ferro-nickel

2.5%

Nil

50.

7402 00 10

Blister copper

5%

Nil

51.

7802

Lead waste and scrap

5%

Nil

52.

7902

Zinc waste and scrap

5%

Nil

53.

8105 20 30

Cobalt powders

5%

Nil

54.

8419 89 12, 8419 89 13, 8419 89 14, 8419 89 15, 8419 89 16, 8419 89 17, 8419 89 19

Reactors, columns or towers or chemical storage tanks

10%

7.5%

NEW TARIFF LINES HAVE BEEN CREATED

S. No.

Chapter/ heading/sub- heading/tariff item mentioned in notification

Commodity

New tariff item being created w.e.f. 01.05.2026

Rate of duty

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

55.

0306 19 00

Krill, frozen

0306 19 10

15%

56.

0802 99 00

Pecan Nuts

0802 99 10

30%

57.

0810 40 00

Cranberries, fresh

0810 40 10

10%

58.

0810 40 00

Blueberries, fresh

0810 40 20

10%

59.

0811 90

Cranberries, frozen

0811 90 11 0811 90 91

10%

60.

0811 90

Blueberries, frozen

0811 90 12 0811 90 92

10%

61.

0813 40 90

Cranberries, dried

0813 40 30

10%

62.

0813 40 90

Blueberries, dried

0813 40 40

10%

63.

1207 99 90

Shea Nuts

1207 99 50

15%

64.

2008 93 00

Cranberries, otherwise prepared or preserved, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or spirit, not elsewhere specified or included

2008 93 10

5%

65.

2008 99

Blueberries, otherwise prepared or preserved, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or spirit, not elsewhere specified or included

2008 99 15

10%

66.

2106 90

Other than compound alcoholic preparations of a kind used for manufacture of beverages, of an alcoholic strength by volume exceeding 0.5% vol., determined at 20 degrees centigrade

2106 90 (other than 2106 90 51)

50%

67.

2202 99

Cranberry products

2202 99 21, 2202 99 31, 2202 99 91

10%

68.

2529 22 00

Acid grade fluorspar containing by weight more than 97% of calcium fluoride

2529 22 10

2.5%

69.

2615 90

Hafnium ores and concentrates

2615 10 10

Nil

70.

2841

Ammonium metavanadate

2841 90 10

2.5%

71.

29

Gibberellic acid

2932 20 40

5%

72.

29

Triethyl orthoformate

2915 90 96

5%

73.

29

Diethyl malonate

2917 19 22

5%

74.

29

DL-2 Aminobutanol

2922 19 30

5%

75.

29

Aceto butyrolactone

2932 20 50

5%

76.

29

Artemisinin

2932 99 30

5%

77.

29

Thymidine

2934 99 50

5%

78.

3302 10

Mixtures of odoriferous substances of a kind used in food or drink industries other than compound alcoholic preparations of a kind used for manufacture of beverages, of an alcoholic strength by volume exceeding 0.5% vol., determined at 20 degrees centigrade

3302 10 19, 3302 10 99

10%

79.

4104 11 00, 4104 19 00, 4105 10 00, 4106 21 00, 4106 31 00, 4106 91 00

Wet blue leather (hides and skin)

4104 11 10, 4104 19 10, 4105 10 10, 4106 21 10, 4106 31 10, 4106 91 10

Nil

80.

4702

Rayon grade wood pulp

4702 00 10

2.5%

81.

4823 90 90

All goods other than kites

4823 90 90 (kites fall under new tariff item 4823 90 40)

10%

82.

8101 99 90

Tungsten (wolfram) bars and rods, other than those obtained simply by sintering, profiles, plates, sheets, strip and foil

8101 99 20

5%

83.

8415 90 00

All goods other than indoor or outdoor units of split-system air conditioner

8415 90 90

10%

84.

8421 99 00

All goods other than Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane element for household type filters

8421 99 90

7.5%

85.

8507 90

Battery separators

8507 90 20

5%

86.

8529 10 99, 8529 90 90

Parts suitable for use solely or principally with the apparatus of headings 8525, 8526 or 8527

8529 10 93, 8529 90 30

10%

87.

8609 00 00

Refrigerated containers

8609 00 10

5%

(b) In addition to the above, the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 has also been amended to create new tariff items which will, inter-alia, help in better product identification; getting actual transaction data of precursor chemicals and help in their effective monitoring; facilitating, tracking exports and deciding policy measures for plant-based extract products. These changes will be effective from 1.05.2026, unless otherwise specified.

 


Full Text:

Union Budget 2026-27 - Finance Bill, 2026

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Acts Income Tax