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Manuals Income Tax
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HRA exemption: tenants without an HRA salary component may claim rent relief by meeting Section 80GG conditions.
An individual who does not receive House Rent Allowance as part of salary may claim the deduction for rent paid under Section 80GG, provided the statutory conditions and documentation for that provision are met.
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HRA exemption: rent paid to family members can qualify for tax relief, but payments to a spouse are not allowed.
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Tax treatment of termination payments from unrecognised provident funds: employer contributions treated as salary; employee contributions exempt.
Employee contributions on termination from an un-recognised provident fund are exempt from tax, while interest on those employee contributions is taxable as Income from Other Sources. Employer contributions and interest thereon are treated as salary income; recipients may claim available relief for the salary-characterised portion under the statutory relief mechanism for salary receipts.
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Leave Travel Allowance exemption: spouses may each claim from their employers but not for the same journey.
Both spouses may claim exemption for Leave Travel Allowance (LTA) from their respective employers as a salary-specific exemption, but both cannot claim exemption for the same journey.
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Leave Travel Allowance (LTA) claim limited to one journey per year; two journeys in a block cannot both be claimed together.
Leave Travel Allowance (LTA) under section 10(5) permits two journeys in a block of four years, but the exemption can be claimed for only one journey in a single year, so both journeys cannot be claimed in the same year.
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Leave Travel Allowance carry forward permitted, claimable in first year of next block under income tax rules.
Carry forward of Leave Travel Allowance under the income tax exemption regime is permitted when the allowance remains unused and may be claimed in the first year of the next block, preserving the tax-exempt benefit for the taxpayer into the subsequent block.
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Leave Travel Allowance entitlement can be claimed from both current and former employer if prior LTA remains unutilized.
An individual who switches jobs may claim Leave Travel Allowance (LTA) from both the current employer and the former employer provided the former employer's LTA concession remains unutilized; the entitlement is limited to recovery of that unutilized salary-specific exemption and does not extend beyond the unutilized LTA benefit.
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Leave travel expense covers only the cost of travel; accommodation and meals are excluded from tax exemption.
Leave travel benefits under section 10(5) are confined to the cost of travel itself and do not extend to ancillary expenses; incidental outlays such as food, hotel accommodation, and similar subsistence expenses are excluded from the scope of the travel expense exemption.
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Exemption under section 10(38) available when transaction is on an IFSC exchange and consideration is in foreign currency.
Exemption from long term capital gains under 10(38) applies despite non payment of Securities Transaction Tax if the transfer is on a recognised stock exchange in an International Financial Service Centre and the consideration is paid or payable in foreign currency.
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Exemption under Section 10(38) applies to gifted shares on sale if the prior owner did not acquire them in a disqualifying manner.
Shares received as a gift are eligible for exemption under Section 10(38) on sale, provided the previous owner did not acquire the shares in a manner or under conditions that disqualify them from the exemption.
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Exemption for enhanced compensation confirms enhanced compensation falls within exempted compensation under income tax law.
Enhanced compensation is treated as part of "compensation" for the purposes of the exemption under 10(37); amounts characterized as enhanced compensation are encompassed by the exemption framework and are not taxable under that provision, as stated in the income tax manual guidance on exempted income.
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Income on transfer of units is not exempt under section 10(35); such transfer income remains taxable.
Income arising on the transfer of units is not covered by the exemption under 10(35); proceeds from disposal of units are not exempt under that clause and must be treated as taxable transfer income under ordinary tax provisions.
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Exemption on buyback income applies irrespective of short term or long term capital gains for shareholders under income tax law.
The exemption on buyback income applies to a shareholder's receipt irrespective of the holding period; buyback proceeds are exempt from income tax in the shareholder's hands whether classified as short term or long term capital gains.
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Life insurance exemption under section 10(10D) lists categories where policy receipts are fully tax-exempt from income tax.
Exemption under Section 10(10D) covers amounts received on life insurance policies in defined categories: proceeds on insurance of a dependent handicapped person, proceeds under key man policies, and proceeds where annual premiums exceed specified proportions of the actual capital sum assured for policies issued in particular periods; proceeds under the premium ratio exceptions are stated to be fully exempt if received on the death of the person.
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Income exemption under Section 10(8): foreign government remuneration for duties in India and foreign-sourced taxable income.
Exemption under Section 10(8) covers two categories where agreements provide relief: remuneration paid by the foreign State for duties performed in India, and any other income arising outside India that the individual is required to tax as income or social security tax in that foreign State.
Manuals Income Tax
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Exemption for professional institutions under section 10(23A) requires Central Government approval and exclusive application of income to objects.
Exemption under section 10(23A) requires that an institution apply its income, or accumulate it for application, solely to the objects for which it is established, and that the institution be approved by the Central Government; both conditions are cumulative for claiming the exemption.
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Exemption for research association income requires exclusive application to objects and permitted investments with corpus exceptions.
Exemption requires that the research association apply its income, or accumulate it, wholly and exclusively to its objects, and that funds not be invested or deposited during the previous year except in forms permitted for trusts; exceptions to the investment restriction include assets forming part of the corpus, accretions to shares forming the corpus, and voluntary contributions maintained in kind such as jewellery or furniture.
Manuals Income Tax
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Letting of former ruler's palace results in taxable income under section 10(19A), not eligible for exemption.
If any palace or portion occupied by a former ruler is let out, the rent or annual value of that let-out portion is not exempt and is taxable rather than eligible for the exemption applicable to former rulers.
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Family pension exemption shields dependents of government servants or decorated servicemen from taxable income under income tax law.
Any amount received as family pension by members of the family of an individual who has been in Government service or has been awarded the Vir Chakra is fully exempted under the relevant income tax provision, and therefore excluded from the recipient's taxable income as an assessee-specific exemption.
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Share of profit exemption: interest on capital and partner remuneration are not covered under the provision.
The exemption is confined to a partner's share of profit from the firm or LLP and does not extend to interest on capital or to remuneration paid to the partner; such receipts must therefore be treated separately from the profit-share exemption.

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AMENDMENTS TO THE CUSTOMS TARIFF ACT, 1975

1 February, 2026

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Union Budget 2026-27 - Finance Bill, 2026

(a) The First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 is proposed to be amended to carry out changes as under-

A.

Modification in Tariff rate (to be effective from 02.02.2026) * [Clause 136(a) of the Finance Bill, 2026]

*Will come into effect immediately through a declaration under the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 2023

Rate of Basic Customs Duty

S. No.

Heading, sub-heading, tariff item

Commodity

From (per cent)

To (per cent)

MSME sector

1.

6601 91 00,

6601 99 00

Umbrellas (other than garden umbrellas)

20%

20% or Rs. 60 per piece, whichever is higher

2.

6603 20 00, 6603 90 10, 6603 90 90

Parts, trimmings and accessories of articles of heading 6601 to 6602

10%

10% or Rs. 25 per kg., whichever is higher

B.

Decrease in Tariff rate (to be effective from 01.04.2026) [Clause 136(b) of the Finance Bill, 2026]

Rate of Basic Customs Duty

1.

9804

All dutiable goods, imported for personal use

20%

10%

C.

Tariff rate changes (without any change in effective rate of duty) [to be effective from 01.05.2026, unless otherwise specified] * [Clause 136(c) of the Finance Bill, 2026]

*Note:

1. The current applied rate of Basic Customs Duty on these commodities operate through their respective exemption/concessional duty notification(s). Such corresponding entries would be omitted from the concerned notification(s) with effect from 01.05.2026, as the same would operate through the Customs Tariff Act, 1975, in the manner as detailed below. It is an exercise for simplification of the Customs tariff structure and applicable Basic Customs Duty rate on these items would remain unchanged.

2. Heading and sub-heading referred in column (2) shall include all tariff items under such heading or sub- heading.

3. The said changes are to be read with consequent amendments related to Social Welfare Surcharge (SWS) and Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess (AIDC).

Rate of Duty

S. No.

Heading, sub-heading tariff item

Commodity

From

To

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

1.

0207 25 00, 0207 27 00

Meat and edible offal of turkeys, frozen

30%

5%

2.

0306 36 60

Artemia

5%

Nil

3.

0511 91 40

Artemia cysts

5%

Nil

4.

0802 11 00

Almonds, in shell

Rs.42 per kg

Rs.35 per kg

5.

0802 12 00

Almonds, shelled

Rs.120 per kg

Rs. 100 per kg

6.

0802 31 00

Walnuts, in shell

120%

100%

7.

1209 (other than those falling under sub headings 1209 91 and 1209 99)

Seeds, fruit and spores, of a kind used for sowing

30%

15%

8.

1505

Wool grease and fatty substances derived therefrom (including lanolin)

30%

15%

9.

2008 19 21, 2008 19 22, 2008 19 29, 2008 19 91

Makhana, other roasted nuts and seeds

150%

30%

10.

2008 19 92

Other nuts, otherwise prepared or preserved

150%

30%

11.

2309 90 31

Prawn and shrimps feed

15%

5%

12.

2504

Natural graphite

5%

2.5%

13.

2505

Natural sands of all kinds, whether or not coloured, other than metal bearing sands of chapter 26 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975

5%

Nil

14.

2506

Quartz (other than natural sands); quartzite, whether or not roughly trimmed or merely cut, by sawing or otherwise, into blocks or slabs of a rectangular (including square) shape

5%

2.5%

15.

2530 90 91

Strontium sulphate (natural ore)

5%

Nil

16.

2701, 2702, 2703

Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal; Lignite, whether or not agglomerated, excluding jet; Peat (including peat litter), whether or not agglomerated

5%

2.5%

17.

2709 00 10

Petroleum crude

5%

Re 1 per tonne

18.

2804 50 20

Tellurium

5%

Nil

19.

2804 61 00

Silicon, containing by weight not less than 99.99% of silicon

5%

Nil

20.

2804 69 00

Silicon, other

5%

Nil

21.

2804 90 00

Selenium

5%

Nil

22.

2805 30 00

Rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or inter alloyed

5%

Nil

23.

2809 20 10

Phosphoric Acid

7.5%

5%

24.

2811 22 00

Silicon dioxide

7.5%

2.5%

25.

2816 40 00

Oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium

7.5%

Nil

26.

2822 00 10

Cobalt oxides

7.5%

Nil

27.

2822 00 20

Cobalt hydroxides

7.5%

Nil

28.

2822 00 30

Commercial cobalt oxides

7.5%

Nil

29.

2825 20 00

Lithium oxide and hydroxide

7.5%

Nil

30.

2825 30

Vanadium oxides and hydroxides

7.5%

Nil

31.

2825 60 10

Germanium oxides

7.5%

Nil

32.

2825 70

Molybdenum oxides and hydroxides

7.5%

Nil

33.

2825 80 00

Antimony Oxides

7.5%

Nil

34.

2825 90 20

Cadmium oxide

7.5%

Nil

35.

2827 35 00

Chlorides of Nickel

7.5%

Nil

36.

2827 39 30

Strontium chloride

7.5%

Nil

37.

2833 24 00

Sulphates of Nickel

7.5%

Nil

38.

2834 21 00

Nitrates of potassium

7.5%

Nil

39.

2836 91 00

Lithium carbonates

7.5%

Nil

40.

2836 92 00

Strontium carbonate

7.5%

Nil

41.

2910 20 00

Methyloxirane (propylene oxide)

5%

2.5%

42.

2918 15 30

Bismuth citrate

7.5%

Nil

43.

3102 30 00

Ammonium nitrate, whether or not in aqueous solution

10%

5%

44.

3801

Artificial Graphite; colloidal or semi-colloidal graphite; preparations based on graphite or other carbon in form of pastes, blocks, plates or other semi- manufactures

7.5%

2.5%

45.

3808 93 30

Gibberellic acid

10%

5%

46.

3904

Polymers of vinyl chloride or of other halogenated olefins, in primary forms

10%

7.5%

47.

4906

Plans and drawings for architectural, engineering, industrial, commercial, topographical or similar purposes, being originals drawn by hand; hand-written texts; photographic reproductions on sensitised paper and carbon copies of the foregoing

10%

Nil

48.

5201 00 25

Other cotton of staple length exceeding 32.0 mm

5%

Nil

49.

7202 60 00

Ferro-nickel

2.5%

Nil

50.

7402 00 10

Blister copper

5%

Nil

51.

7802

Lead waste and scrap

5%

Nil

52.

7902

Zinc waste and scrap

5%

Nil

53.

8105 20 30

Cobalt powders

5%

Nil

54.

8419 89 12, 8419 89 13, 8419 89 14, 8419 89 15, 8419 89 16, 8419 89 17, 8419 89 19

Reactors, columns or towers or chemical storage tanks

10%

7.5%

NEW TARIFF LINES HAVE BEEN CREATED

S. No.

Chapter/ heading/sub- heading/tariff item mentioned in notification

Commodity

New tariff item being created w.e.f. 01.05.2026

Rate of duty

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

55.

0306 19 00

Krill, frozen

0306 19 10

15%

56.

0802 99 00

Pecan Nuts

0802 99 10

30%

57.

0810 40 00

Cranberries, fresh

0810 40 10

10%

58.

0810 40 00

Blueberries, fresh

0810 40 20

10%

59.

0811 90

Cranberries, frozen

0811 90 11 0811 90 91

10%

60.

0811 90

Blueberries, frozen

0811 90 12 0811 90 92

10%

61.

0813 40 90

Cranberries, dried

0813 40 30

10%

62.

0813 40 90

Blueberries, dried

0813 40 40

10%

63.

1207 99 90

Shea Nuts

1207 99 50

15%

64.

2008 93 00

Cranberries, otherwise prepared or preserved, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or spirit, not elsewhere specified or included

2008 93 10

5%

65.

2008 99

Blueberries, otherwise prepared or preserved, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or spirit, not elsewhere specified or included

2008 99 15

10%

66.

2106 90

Other than compound alcoholic preparations of a kind used for manufacture of beverages, of an alcoholic strength by volume exceeding 0.5% vol., determined at 20 degrees centigrade

2106 90 (other than 2106 90 51)

50%

67.

2202 99

Cranberry products

2202 99 21, 2202 99 31, 2202 99 91

10%

68.

2529 22 00

Acid grade fluorspar containing by weight more than 97% of calcium fluoride

2529 22 10

2.5%

69.

2615 90

Hafnium ores and concentrates

2615 10 10

Nil

70.

2841

Ammonium metavanadate

2841 90 10

2.5%

71.

29

Gibberellic acid

2932 20 40

5%

72.

29

Triethyl orthoformate

2915 90 96

5%

73.

29

Diethyl malonate

2917 19 22

5%

74.

29

DL-2 Aminobutanol

2922 19 30

5%

75.

29

Aceto butyrolactone

2932 20 50

5%

76.

29

Artemisinin

2932 99 30

5%

77.

29

Thymidine

2934 99 50

5%

78.

3302 10

Mixtures of odoriferous substances of a kind used in food or drink industries other than compound alcoholic preparations of a kind used for manufacture of beverages, of an alcoholic strength by volume exceeding 0.5% vol., determined at 20 degrees centigrade

3302 10 19, 3302 10 99

10%

79.

4104 11 00, 4104 19 00, 4105 10 00, 4106 21 00, 4106 31 00, 4106 91 00

Wet blue leather (hides and skin)

4104 11 10, 4104 19 10, 4105 10 10, 4106 21 10, 4106 31 10, 4106 91 10

Nil

80.

4702

Rayon grade wood pulp

4702 00 10

2.5%

81.

4823 90 90

All goods other than kites

4823 90 90 (kites fall under new tariff item 4823 90 40)

10%

82.

8101 99 90

Tungsten (wolfram) bars and rods, other than those obtained simply by sintering, profiles, plates, sheets, strip and foil

8101 99 20

5%

83.

8415 90 00

All goods other than indoor or outdoor units of split-system air conditioner

8415 90 90

10%

84.

8421 99 00

All goods other than Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane element for household type filters

8421 99 90

7.5%

85.

8507 90

Battery separators

8507 90 20

5%

86.

8529 10 99, 8529 90 90

Parts suitable for use solely or principally with the apparatus of headings 8525, 8526 or 8527

8529 10 93, 8529 90 30

10%

87.

8609 00 00

Refrigerated containers

8609 00 10

5%

(b) In addition to the above, the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 has also been amended to create new tariff items which will, inter-alia, help in better product identification; getting actual transaction data of precursor chemicals and help in their effective monitoring; facilitating, tracking exports and deciding policy measures for plant-based extract products. These changes will be effective from 1.05.2026, unless otherwise specified.

 


Full Text:

Union Budget 2026-27 - Finance Bill, 2026

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