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<h1>Income Tax Bill 2025 Clause 449 gives discretionary penalty powers to Assessing Officer for uncollected tax at source</h1> The Income Tax Bill 2025's Clause 449 and the Income Tax Act 1961's Section 271CA both impose penalties for failure to collect tax at source. Both provisions mandate a penalty equal to the uncollected tax amount. Key differences include: Clause 449 uses 'may impose' suggesting discretion while Section 271CA states 'shall be liable' indicating mandatory penalty; Clause 449 designates the Assessing Officer as penalty authority from inception, whereas Section 271CA was amended in 2025 to shift this power from Joint Commissioner to Assessing Officer; the new provision references Chapter XIX-B while the old refers to Chapter XVII-BB. Both aim to ensure compliance with tax collection at source requirements through proportional penalties.