Taxation of International Consulting Services: Navigating the Complexities

Make available requirement for technical services prevents taxation where consultancy did not transfer technical knowledge, preserving source-based taxation.

The fees did not qualify as Fees for Technical Services because the make available condition-requiring transfer, transmission or enablement of technical knowledge-was not met; the domestic exception for services utilized to earn income from a source outside India applied since the services related to tournaments held abroad, and income attributable to any Service Permanent Establishment is taxable under the DTAA business profits regime.