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    Supervisory Powers in Income Tax Assessments : Clause 272 of Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section 144A ...
    Procedural Safeguards and Administrative Discretion in Best Judgment Assessments : Clause 271 of the...
    Procedural Evolution in Tax Return Assessment : Clause 270 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section ...
    Transforming Faceless Inquiry of Tax Administration : Clause 532 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Se...
    Reforming Asset Valuation in Tax Assessments : Clause 269 of Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section 142A ...
    Modernizing Inquiry and Special Audit Procedures in Indian Tax Law : Clause 268 of the Income Tax Bi...
    Legal Implications of Updated Return Taxation : Clause 267 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section ...
    Evolution of Self-Assessment: Continuity and Change in Indian Tax Law : Clause 266 of the Income Tax...
    Modernizing the Verification of Tax Returns in India : Clause 265 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. S...
    Procedural Innovations in Tax Compliance : Clause 263(2)(a) of Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section 139...
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    The Evolution of Tax Return Preparer Schemes : Clause 264 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. Section 1...
    Strengthening Tax Compliance through PAN-Aadhaar Integration : Clause 262(9) of the Income Tax Bill,...
    Legal Architecture of PAN, Aadhaar, and High-Value Transaction : Clause 262 of the Income Tax Bill, ...
    A New Paradigm for Income Tax Return Filing in India : Clause 263 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 Vs. S...
    Regulation of Taxpayer Information Disclosure under Indian Income Tax Laws : Clause 258 of the Incom...
    Continuity and Change in the Judicial Status of Tax Proceedings : Clause 257 of the Income Tax Bill,...
    Legal Implications of Faceless Schemes in Income Tax : Clause 260 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 vs. S...
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    Act RulesBills
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    Supervisory power of Joint Commissioner permits binding directions in pending assessments, with a hearing before any prejudicial direction.
    Clause 272 empowers the Joint Commissioner to intervene in any pending assessment by suo motu action, AO reference, or assessee application, to call for records and issue directions that are binding on the Assessing Officer where deemed necessary or expedient; no direction prejudicial to the assessee may be issued without an opportunity of being heard, while directions prescribing lines of investigation are not treated as prejudicial.
    Act RulesBills
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    Best judgment assessment: requirement of notice and opportunity to be heard before AO determines taxpayer's liability under reformed assessment framework.
    Clause 271 creates a mechanism for best judgment assessment where the AO may assess income or loss when an assessee defaults on filing returns or complying with statutory notices; the AO must consider all relevant materials, issue a show cause notice affording an opportunity of being heard (subject to an exception where an earlier notice suffices), and determine the sum payable based on his best judgment, with certain interpretative ambiguities left for administrative or judicial clarification.
    Act RulesBills
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    Assessment procedure modernization strengthens mandatory intimation and centralized processing, enhancing taxpayer engagement and procedural certainty.
    Clause 270 modernises return assessment by allowing specified prima facie adjustments (arithmetical errors, incorrect claims apparent from the return, late loss set-off, audit discrepancies, late deductions) only after mandatory written or electronic intimation and consideration of the assessee's response; acknowledges deemed intimation where no adjustment arises; fixes an outer deadline for intimation; permits authorised officers to select cases for scrutiny within a prescribed period and requires written assessment orders after evidence is considered; and provides safeguards for exempt entities and non-profits while enabling centralised, technology-driven processing schemes.
    Act RulesBills
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    Faceless tax administration: broad power to frame schemes and modify statutory application for digitalised tax processes.
    Clause 532 authorises the Central Government to make schemes by notification for any purpose under the Income Tax Bill, 2025, aiming to enhance efficiency, transparency, and accountability by reducing taxpayer-official interface and optimising resource utilisation. For implementation, the Government may issue notifications that disapply or modify provisions of the Act, and may amend schemes previously framed under the 1961 Act; every such notification must be laid before each House of Parliament. The Board may be empowered to make schemes subject to control of the Central Government.
    Act RulesBills
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    Valuation references: statutory regime for Valuation Officer reports, with procedural safeguards and enforceable reporting timelines.
    Clause 269 empowers the Assessing Officer to refer estimation of value of any asset, property, or investment to a Valuation Officer, who must consider all evidence, provide an opportunity to be heard, inspect premises with prescribed notice, and submit a valuation report to the AO and assessee; the VO may make a best judgment assessment if the assessee fails to cooperate and may rectify mistakes apparent from the record, while the AO may use the report after affording the assessee a hearing.
    Act RulesBills
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    Inquiry before assessment: AO empowered to call for documents and order special audits, with senior approval and procedural safeguards.
    Clause 268 creates a structured regime for Inquiry before assessment granting the Assessing Officer power to call for returns, accounts, documents and statements of assets and liabilities, subject to prior senior approval for intrusive disclosures and temporal limits on record production. It authorises special audits and inventory valuations with nominated professionals, mandates standardised forms and verifications, provides time limits for reports with limited extensions, secures the assessee's right to be heard before use of inquiry material in assessment, and shifts audit/valuation expenses to the Central Government under prescribed guidelines.
    Act RulesBills
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    Updated return taxation requires prior payment of tax, interest, fees and graded additional tax before filing an updated return.
    Clause 267 requires prior payment of tax, interest, fee and a graded additional income-tax before filing an updated return, prescribes allowable credits and reliefs to determine net liability (including advance tax, TDS/TCS, foreign tax reliefs and specified tax credits), treats refunds and earlier credits to prevent double benefit, mandates proof of payment with the updated return, clarifies interest computation on assessed tax under the new code, and empowers the administration to issue implementation guidelines subject to a time-limited sunset and parliamentary oversight.
    Act RulesBills
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    Self-assessment obligation: pay tax, interest and fees before filing return, with proof, or face default consequences.
    Clause 266 requires payment, before filing the return, of any tax payable together with interest and fee and proof of such payment; payments short are appropriated in the order fee, then interest, then tax; interest is computed after reducing advance tax, TDS/TCS and specified reliefs and credits; ''assessed tax'' is defined as tax on returned income reduced by those credits and reliefs; failure to pay renders the assessee an assessee in default and triggers recovery and penal consequences without prejudice to other liabilities.
    Act RulesBills
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    Verification of returns: clarified authorised signatories and integration of insolvency professionals, with some procedural ambiguities remaining.
    Clause 265 modernises verification of returns by enumerating, in tabular form, the persons authorised to verify returns for specified taxpayer categories, preserving traditional authorities (individual, Karta, managing/designated partner, principal officer, CEO) while incorporating insolvency professionals for entities under insolvency. The Bill omits an explicit "absence from India" reference for individuals and does not expressly require attachment of powers of attorney for non-resident companies, raising potential evidentiary and interpretive issues. The provision allows designation of "other persons as prescribed," aligning the statute with Rule 12AA but requiring careful subordinate rule-making.
    Act RulesBills
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    Electronic filing rules broaden CBDT authority to require verification, disclosures, and secure transmission for tax returns.
    Clause 263(2)(a) expands CBDT rule-making authority over procedural return-filing aspects by authorising prescription of classes of persons, the form and manner of furnishing returns, methods of verification, supporting documentation requirements (including post-filing production), and the technological resources or electronic records for transmission, thereby enabling broader disclosures, digital authentication, and integration with other databases to support data-driven compliance.
    Act RulesBills
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    Return filing modernization enables rulemaking for electronic forms, verification, and document on demand in a risk based regime.
    Clause 263(2)(a) empowers the Board to prescribe the form, manner, verification and electronic transmission of returns, to specify which supporting documents need not accompany the return but must be produced on demand, and to require prescribed particulars in returns (such as exempt income, specified assets, bank and card details, high value expenditures, audit reports and business or partner details), thereby enabling a risk based, post filing verification regime and differentiated electronic filing requirements for classes of taxpayers.
    Act RulesBills
    Show AI Summary
    Tax Return Preparer scheme shifts operational detail to subordinate legislation, increasing administrative discretion and need for oversight.
    Clause 264 empowers the Central Board of Direct Taxes to notify a Tax Return Preparer scheme allowing specified non corporate, non audited persons to have returns prepared and furnished through authorised TRPs. The clause retains exclusions for audit required entities and certain disqualified persons, mandates scheme notification as per the statutory procedure, and delegates operational details-qualifications, authorisation period, code of conduct, duties, withdrawal and disciplinary mechanisms-to subordinate legislation, increasing administrative flexibility while placing emphasis on oversight, transparency, and transitional arrangements.
    Act RulesBills
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    PAN-Aadhaar authentication strengthens transaction traceability and imposes reciprocal verification duties on parties.
    Clause 262(9) requires every person entering into prescribed transactions to quote and authenticate their PAN or Aadhaar and obliges recipients of transaction documents to ensure such quoting and authentication, with authentication involving verification against demographic or biometric information through prescribed authorities and modalities to be specified by the CBDT.
    Act RulesBills
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    Permanent Account Number and Aadhaar integration expands mandatory identification and digital authentication for specified transactions and filings.
    Clause 262 consolidates allotment, quoting and authentication of the Permanent Account Number and integrates PAN with Aadhaar by mandating application and quoting obligations for specified classes, enabling voluntary applications, requiring intimation of changes, prohibiting multiple PANs, and empowering rule-making and notification to prescribe transactions, authentication procedures and exemptions; it permits Aadhaar linkage and use in lieu of PAN, contemplates inoperative PAN for non-intimation, and relies on Rules 114AAB, 114B, 114BA and 114BB for operational detail while triggering penalties under the existing framework modeled on Section 272B.
    Act RulesBills
    Show AI Summary
    Mandatory Return Filing expands scope and tightens timelines while enabling updated returns with safeguards.
    Clause 263 consolidates and expands return-filing obligations by listing classes of mandatory filers, requiring threshold income computation without regard to specified exemptions, defining key terms such as beneficial owner and specified entity, prescribing differentiated due dates, authorising rule-making for electronic filing and return particulars, providing a nine-month window for belated and revised returns, maintaining a forty-eight-month updated return regime subject to specified exclusions, and setting a procedure for defective returns with a rectification period and potential invalidation if unrectified.
    Act RulesBills
    Show AI Summary
    Controlled disclosure of taxpayer information limited by a public interest test, with executive power to restrict access and final administrative decisions.
    Clause 258 authorises income tax authorities to disclose information obtained in the discharge of their functions to other tax, duty, cess, or foreign exchange authorities and to notified bodies, constrained by necessity and a public interest limitation; it allows private parties to apply for information subject to satisfaction of senior tax officials and renders disclosure decisions final and non justiciable, while empowering the Central Government by notification to restrict furnishing of information for specified classes of assessees or authorities.
    Act RulesBills
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    Deemed judicial status for tax proceedings brings perjury and court grade procedural safeguards to tax adjudication processes.
    Clause 257 treats proceedings before income tax authorities as judicial proceedings and deems those authorities to be Civil Courts for specified sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, thereby subjecting participants to penal provisions for false evidence, insult to authority, and related offences while preserving a complaint based procedural safeguard for initiating prosecutions through the income tax authority.
    Act RulesBills
    Show AI Summary
    Faceless collection of information: executive empowered to implement digital, non interface tax information schemes with parliamentary oversight.
    Clause 260 empowers the Central Government, by notification, to create a faceless collection of information scheme for calling for and collecting tax information, inspecting company registers, and exercising assessing powers, enabling elimination of physical interfaces, centralised resource optimisation, team based dynamic jurisdiction, and exceptions or modifications to other statutory provisions to implement the scheme, with the requirement that notifications be laid before both Houses of Parliament.
    Act RulesBills
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    Powers of competent authority: generic clause grants Assessing Officer equivalent enquiry powers, raising definition and safeguard concerns.
    Clause 256 gives a competent authority the power to make any enquiry under the Act with all the powers of an Assessing Officer, mirroring Section 135 of the 1961 Act but replacing an enumerative list of officials with a generic term whose scope depends on definitions and notifications; the clause defers procedural safeguards to the general framework of the Act, making clear definition and transparent designation critical to avoid arbitrariness and jurisdictional overlap.
    Act RulesBills
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    Inspection of company registers enables tax units to verify ownership and financial interests under faceless assessment reforms.
    Inspection of company registers authorises specified income-tax authorities to inspect and copy registers of members, debenture holders and mortgagees to verify ownership and transactions; such inspections require specific written authorisation and Clause 255 expands exercisable authority to unit-based entities like assessment and verification units, enabling centralized and faceless access while raising questions on necessity thresholds, coverage of electronic records, and procedural safeguards.

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      CUSTOMS DUTY EXEMPTIONS / CONCESSIONS BEING ALLOWED TO LAPSE

      24 July, 2024

      Contents
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      Union Budget 2024-25 (Full) + FINANCE (No.2) Bill, 2024

      Certain BCD exemptions entries under S No. 50/2017-Customs dated 30.6.2017 and other notifications are being allowed to lapse with effect from 30.9.2024.

      (a) The following entries of notification no. 50/2017-Customs dated 30.6.2017 are being allowed to lapse with effect from 30.9.2024:

      S. No.

      S N of 50/2017 Customs

      Description

      1.

      478

      Wireless apparatus, accessories and parts as specified in List 29 imported by a licensed amateur radio operator

      2.

      353

      Foreign currency coins when imported into India by a Scheduled Bank

      3.

      387

       Zinc metal recovered by toll smelting or toll processing from zinc concentrates exported from India for such processes

      4.

      441

      Spinnerettes made inter alia of Gold, Platinum and Rhodium or any one or more of these metals, when imported in exchange of worn-out or damaged spinnerettes exported out of India

      5.

      238

      Organic/inorganic Coating material for manufacture of electrical steel

      6.

      254

      Catalyst for manufacture of cast components of Wind Operated Electricity Generator

      7.

      255

      Resin for manufacture of cast components of Wind Operated Electricity Generator

      8.

      277A

      Calendared plastic sheet for manufacturing of Smart Card under chapter heading 8523

      9.

      339

      Concessional rate on import of Toughened glass with low iron content and transmissivity of minimum 91% and above, for use in manufacture of solar thermal collectors or heaters

      10.

      421

      Specified goods required for basic telephone service, cellular mobile telephone service, internet service or closed users’ group 64 KBPS domestic data network via INSAT satellite system service and parts, for manufacture of the goods

      11.

      479

      Mono or Bi polar Membrane electrolysers and parts thereof including secondary brine purification components, jumper switches, filtering elements for hydrogen filters for caustic soda or potash units; Membrane and parts thereof or other parts for caustic soda or potash units;

      12.

      475

      Specified goods including scramblers, descramblers, encoders, decoders, jammers, network firewalls, network sniffers, scanners and monitoring systems, probes for data monitoring and SMS/MMS monitoring systems

      13.

      482

      Newspaper page transmission and reception facsimile system or equipment; and Telephoto transmission and reception system or equipment

      14.

      495

      Batteries for electrically operated vehicles, including two and three wheeled electric motor vehicles.

      15.

      497

      Active Energy Controller (AEC) for use in manufacture of Renewable Power System (RPS) inverters

      16.

      579

      Survey (DGPS) instruments, 3D modeling software for ore body simulation cum mine planning and exploration (geophysics and geochemistry) equipment required for surveying and prospecting of minerals

      17.

      419

      Aluminium Oxide for manufacture of washcoat of catalytic converter

      18.

      420

      Clay 2 powder for use in ceramic substrate for catalytic convertor

      19.

      340

      Solar tempered glass or solar tempered (anti-reflective coated) glass for use in manufacture of solar cells/panels/modules

      20.

      565

      Specified goods for use in the manufacture of Flexible Medical Video Endoscope [heading 9018]

      21.

      566

       Specific input goods for manufacture of syringes, needles, catheters and cannulae

      22.

      568

      Parts and components for manufacture of blood pressure monitors and blood glucose monitoring system (Glucometers)

      Note: Description of entries is indicative. Notification may be referred to for complete description.

      (b) The following notifications are being allowed to lapse with effect from 30.9.2024:

      S. No

      Notification No.

      Description

      1.

      97/99-Customs dated 21 July 1999

      Exempts BCD and additional duty under Sections 3(1), 3(3) and 3(5) on standard gold bars imported by a RBI authorised bank

      2.

      30/2004-Customs dated 28 January 2004

      Provides full exemption from BCD to second-hand computers/accessories and peripherals received as donation by schools, charitable institutions.

      3.

      102/2007-Customs dated 14 September 2017

      Provides exemption from Special Additional Duty (SAD) levied vide section 3(5) of CTA on to all goods imported for subsequent sale when IGST, CGST, SGST or UTGST paid by importer.

      4.

      45/2005-Customs dated 16 May 2005

      Provides exemption from Special Additional Duty levied under Section 3(5) of CTA on goods cleared from SEZ to DTA.

      5.

      151/94-Customs dated 13 July 1994

      Provides exemption to imports of duty-paid fuel and lubricating oil on aircrafts taken during the outward flight; goods imports by United Arab Airlines; aircraft engines, spares imported by Indian Airlines and Air India International. Re-import entries will operate from re-import notification 45/2017-Cus

      6.

      26-Customs dated 19th February 1962

      Provides exemption from import duty under the Sea Customs Act on catering cabin equipment, food and drink on re-importation by aircrafts of the Indian Airlines Corporation from foreign flights

      Note: Description of entries is indicative. Notification may be referred to for complete description.


      Full Text:

      Union Budget 2024-25 (Full) + FINANCE (No.2) Bill, 2024

      Topics

      ActsIncome Tax