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Capital gains on dissolution: distributions in excess of capital account treated as entity income and valued at fair market value.
Where a partner or member receives a capital asset on dissolution or reconstitution, profit or gain on that receipt is chargeable as capital gains and treated as income of the specified entity in the year of receipt, with fair market value on receipt deemed full consideration. The recipient's capital-account balance is calculated excluding increases from revaluation or self-generated goodwill/assets. Money or other assets received in excess of the capital-account balance are similarly taxed as capital gains, with the capital-account balance deemed the cost of acquisition.
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Provisional attachment powers expanded to permit attachment during pending false-entry penalty proceedings when large penalties are likely.
Provisional attachment permits the Assessing Officer, with prior approval from designated senior tax authorities, to attach an assessee's property for six months to protect revenue, revocable on furnishing a bank guarantee which may be invoked if tax demand remains unpaid. The Finance Bill proposes to amend this provision to allow the Assessing Officer to exercise attachment powers during pending penalty proceedings for false or omitted entries where a high-value penalty is likely to be imposed.
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Equalisation levy broadened to cover sales and services regardless of operator ownership, with treaty-taxable royalties excluded.
Amendments clarify that consideration chargeable to equalisation levy excludes amounts taxable as royalty or fees for technical services under a notified tax treaty; define e-commerce supply or services to include online acceptance of offers, purchase orders, payment and supply/provision (wholly or partly); broaden consideration to cover sale of goods irrespective of operator ownership and provision of services irrespective of whether provided or facilitated by the operator. These changes operate retrospectively from 1 April 2020, and section 10(50) is adjusted to the same definition and to exclude treaty-taxable royalty or FTS, effective for assessment years from 2021-22.
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Depreciation on goodwill disallowed; purchase price treated as cost for capital gains with adjustment for prior depreciation.
The proposal removes goodwill of a business or profession from the class of assets eligible for depreciation by excluding it from the definition of block of assets and from assets covered by section 32, provides transitional rules for blocks and capital gains where depreciation was earlier obtained, and preserves purchase price as cost of acquisition for capital gains subject to reduction by any depreciation claimed prior to the operative year.
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Statutory time limits shortened for intimation and notices after return filing, and audit-report income adjustments formalised.
Amendments to section 143 revise processing of returned income to allow adjustments for income increases indicated in audit reports not previously accounted for, and provide consequential changes reflecting earlier amendments to relief provisions. The statutory time limit for issuing intimations under sub section (1) is shortened to nine months from the end of the relevant financial year, and the time limit for issuing notices under sub section (2) is shortened to three months; amendments take effect from 1 April 2021.
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Adjudicating authority under PBPT Act designated to SAFEMA Competent Authority; limitation period for orders extended to September.
The Finance Bill designates the Competent Authority under SAFEMA as the Adjudicating Authority under the PBPT Act to commence functions from 1st July, 2021, replacing the interim discharge by the PMLA Adjudicating Authority. It also extends the time limit under sub section (7) of section 26 of the PBPT Act so that any order deadline expiring between 1st July, 2021 and 29th September, 2021 will be extended to 30th September, 2021.
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Presumptive taxation for professionals clarified: LLPs excluded while individuals, HUFs and partnership firms remain eligible under existing conditions.
The amendment clarifies that the presumptive taxation provision under section 44ADA applies to residents engaged in specified professions who are individuals, Hindu undivided families or partnership firms, but excludes Limited Liability Partnerships; existing eligibility conditions including the gross receipts threshold and the deemed proportion of profits remain unchanged, and the amendment is effective from 1 April 2021 for the assessment year 2021 22 onward.
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Scope of Vivad se Vishwas Act clarified to exclude cases settled under IT settlement mechanism, with retrospective amendment.
The Finance Bill clarifies that the Vivad se Vishwas Act, 2020 does not cover taxes arising from settlements under Chapter XIX-A of the Income-tax Act; amendments to the definitions of "appellant," "disputed tax," and "tax arrear" in VsV are proposed to expressly exclude Chapter XIX-A cases and to operate retrospectively from 17 March 2020.
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Liable to tax defined to include existence of tax liability under any country's law, including where exemption later granted.
The proposal inserts clause (29A) into section 2 to define "liable to tax" as a liability to tax on a person under the law of any country, expressly including cases where an exemption is provided after imposition of that liability; the definition is to apply from the statutory effective date and to subsequent assessment years.
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Refund of excess tax under Income Declaration Scheme now payable without interest to specified persons, retrospectively effective.
The proviso to section 191 of the Finance Act, 2016 is amended to permit refund of excess tax, surcharge or penalty paid pursuant to declarations under the Income Declaration Scheme, 2016 to a specified class of persons without payment of any interest; this amendment is to take effect retrospectively from 1st June, 2016. Section 187's deeming provision that a declaration is invalid if the tax, surcharge and penalty are not paid by the specified date remains in place.
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TDS on purchase of goods: new low-rate withholding applies to buyers exceeding turnover threshold and high-value purchases.
Buyers whose turnover in the preceding financial year exceeds the turnover threshold must deduct tax at a very low prescribed rate on purchases from a seller where aggregate purchases from that seller exceed the specified high-value threshold in the previous year; Central Government may exempt persons by notification. Transactions subject to other withholding or collection are excluded except where concurrent collection would arise - then the purchase withholding applies. Board-issued guidelines, binding on authorities and deductors, and a higher rate where PAN is not provided, are provided for.
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Higher withholding for non-filers: TDS and TCS to be levied at enhanced prescribed rates on specified non filers.
A special withholding regime imposes enhanced TDS and TCS rates on a "specified person" who failed to file returns for the two relevant prior assessment years after the filing deadline and whose aggregate TDS/TCS in each year meets a threshold; the TDS rate is the highest of twice the statutory rate, twice the rate in force, or a fixed base rate, and the TCS rate is the higher of twice the statutory rate or the fixed base rate. PAN based higher rates interact so that the greater rate applies; non residents without a permanent establishment are excluded.
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Exemption cap on provident fund interest limits tax-free interest for high contributions, effective for future assessment years.
Clauses (11) and (12) of section 10 are amended by a proviso excluding from exemption the interest accrued in a previous year to the extent it relates to contributions exceeding the prescribed monetary threshold in that year, with computation rules to be prescribed and the amendment applying prospectively to specified assessment years.
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Customs duty definition clarified under Finance Bill, with amendments generally commencing on enactment unless otherwise stated.
Finance Bill, 2021 defines Basic Customs Duty as the customs duty levied under the Customs Act, 1962 and states that amendments made through the Bill will come into effect on the date of its enactment unless otherwise specified, with clause numbers shown in square brackets to indicate relevant provisions.
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Common portal enables electronic filing, service and automated amendments in customs procedures, with time limits and penalty enhancements.
A common portal is introduced to enable electronic registration, filing of bills of entry and shipping bills, submission of prescribed documents, payment of duty and electronic service of orders; the customs automated system may permit risk based amendments and importer/exporter actions on the portal. Conditional exemptions will cease on a prescribed future 31st March unless extended, a two year (plus one year extension) limit is prescribed for proceedings culminating in a section 28 notice, bill of entry filing timing is tightened, pre trial disposal of seized gold requires Commissioner (Appeals) certification, inventories certified by that Commissioner gain evidentiary weight, and new confiscation and penalty provisions target wrongful refund claims and fraudulent invoices.
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Countervailing duty changes: anti absorption and retrospective levy in anti circumvention cases, with time limited temporary revocations and review period limits.
Section 8B is amended for technical corrections. Section 9 adds anti absorption, retrospective levy from initiation in anti circumvention cases, aligns countervailing duty on goods cleared from EOU and SEZ into the domestic tariff area with safeguard measures, limits temporary revocation to a time bound period not exceeding one year at a time, and provides for imposition on review for fixed multi year periods. Section 9A applies parallel changes to anti dumping duty.
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Basic Customs Duty increases raise rates on chemical, plastics, electronics and auto parts; HSN harmonisation and new crude tariff lines.
Amendments raise rates in the First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 by increasing Basic Customs Duty on specified chemicals, plastics, gems and jewellery, electrical and electronics items, and automotive parts under the Finance Bill, 2021, with certain items moving to higher uniform duty levels and limited exclusions preserved. A separate set of tariff headings are adjusted upward without changing their stated effective rate headings. The Schedule also adds new tariff lines for petroleum crude and implements HSN 2022 harmonisation, with some changes effective immediately under provisional collection authority and others on later dates.
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Concessional import duty rules eased to permit job work and full outsourcing, with clearance on depreciated value subject to differential duty.
Amendments to the Customs (Import of Goods at Concessional Rate of Duty) Rules, 2017 permit job work on imported materials (excluding gold, jewellery and other precious metals), allow full outsourcing of manufacture to job workers, and enable clearance of imported capital goods used for the specified purpose upon payment of differential duty with interest calculated on a depreciated value using depreciation norms aligned to Export Oriented Unit treatment under the Foreign Trade Policy.
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Basic customs duty revisions reshape import protection and input relief across agriculture, metals, electronics and renewable sectors.
Revisions to Basic Customs Duty rates effective 2 February 2021 adjust import protection and input duty treatment across sectors: raised duties on selected agricultural by products, leather and silk intermediates; re rating of chemicals, plastics and mineral inputs; reorganised duties and an added cess for precious metals and related items; targeted lower or nil rates for specified electronics, telecom and renewable energy inputs to incentivise domestic manufacture; and newly dutiable capital goods and transitional concessions for raw materials supporting local industry.
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Project Imports Scheme inclusion expands import concessions for high-speed rail projects; sponsoring authority designated to approve required imports.
High-Speed Rail projects are included in the Project Imports Scheme, making them eligible for project-specific import treatment under the Project Import Regulations. A designated Sponsoring Authority is empowered to approve the items to be imported under the scheme for High-Speed Rail Projects, centralising approval of project imports for that project class.

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AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 and IGST Act, 2017

1 February, 2023

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Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

GOODS AND SERVICES TAX

Note: (a) CGST Act means Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017

(b) IGST Act means Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

(c) Amendments carried out through the Finance Bill, 2023 come into effect on the date of its enactment, unless otherwise specified.

Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023 except those in clause 142 will come into effect from the date when the same will be notified concurrently, as far as possible, with the corresponding amendments to the similar Acts passed by the States & Union territories with legislature. Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2023, vide clause 142 will come into effect retrospectively from 1st July, 2017.

I. AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017 :

S. No.

Amendment

Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

1.

Clause (d) of sub-section (2) and Clause (c) of sub-section (2A) in section 10 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the restriction imposed on registered persons engaged in supplying goods through electronic commerce operators from opting to pay tax under the Composition Levy.

[128]

2.

Second and third provisos to sub-section (2) of section 16 of the CGST Act are being amended to align the said sub-section with the return filing system provided in the said Act.

[129]

3.

Explanation to sub-section (3) of section 17 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to restrict availment of input tax credit in respect of certain transactions specified in para 8(a) of Schedule III of the said Act, as may be prescribed, by including the value of such transactions in the value of exempt supply. Further, sub-section (5) of said section is also being amended so as to provide that input tax credit shall not be available in respect of goods or services or both received by a taxable person, which are used or intended to be used for activities relating to his obligations under corporate social responsibility referred to in section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013.

[130]

4.

Sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) of section 23 of the CGST Act are being amended, with retrospective effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to provide that persons for compulsory registration in terms of sub section (1) of section and section 22 of the Act need not register if exempt under sub section (1) of section 23.

[131]

5.

A new sub-section (5) in section 37 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the details of outward supplies under sub-section (1) of the said section for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

[132]

6.

A new sub-section (11) in section 39 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the return for a tax period can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

[133]

7.

A new sub-section (2) in section 44 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the annual return under sub-section (1) of the said section for a financial year can be furnished by a registered person. Further, it also seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for a registered person or a class of registered persons.

[134]

8.

A new sub-section (15) in section 52 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide a time limit upto which the statement under sub-section (4) of the said section for a month can be furnished by an electronic commerce operator. Further, it seeks to provide an enabling provision for extension of the said time limit, subject to certain conditions and restrictions, for an electronic commerce operator or a class of electronic commerce operators.

[135]

9.

Sub-section (6) of section 54 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove the reference to the provisionally accepted input tax credit to align the same with the present scheme of availment of self- assessed input tax credit as per sub-section (1) of section 41 of the said Act.

[136]

10.

Section 56 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an enabling provision to prescribe manner of computation of period of delay for calculation of interest on delayed refunds.

[137]

11.

A new sub-section (1B) in section 122 of the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for penal provisions applicable to Electronic Commerce Operators in case of contravention of provisions relating to supplies of goods made through them by unregistered persons or composition taxpayers.

[138]

12.

Sub-section (1) of section 132 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to decriminalize offences specified in clause (g), (j) and (k) of the said sub-section and to increase the monetary threshold for launching prosecution for the offences under the said Act from one hundred lakh rupees to two hundred lakh rupees, except for the offences related to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both.

[139]

13.

First proviso to sub-section (1) of section 138 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to simplify the language of clause (a), to omit clause (b) and to substitute the clause (c) of said proviso so as to exclude the persons involved in offences relating to issuance of invoices without supply of goods or services or both from the option of compounding of the offences under the said Act. It further seeks to amend sub-section (2) so as to rationalize the amount for compounding of various offences by reducing the minimum as well as maximum amount for compounding.

[140]

14.

A new section 158A in the CGST Act is being inserted so as to provide for prescribing manner and conditions for sharing of the information furnished by the registered person in his return or in his application of registration or in his statement of outward supplies, or the details uploaded by him for generation of electronic invoice or E- way bill or any other details, as may be prescribed, on the common portal with such other systems, as may be notified.

[141]

15.

Schedule III of the CGST Act is being amended to give retrospective applicability to Para 7, 8 (a) and 8 (b) of the said Schedule, with effect from 01st July, 2017, so as to treat the activities/ transactions mentioned in the said paragraphs as neither supply of goods nor supply of services. It is also being clarified that where the tax has already been paid in respect of such transactions/ activities during the period from 01st July, 2017 to 31st January, 2019, no refund of such tax paid shall be available.

[142]

II. AMENDMENTS IN THE IGST ACT, 2017:

S. No.

Amendment

Clause of the Finance Bill, 2023

1.

Clause (16) of section 2 of the IGST Act is being amended so as to revise the definition of “non-taxable online recipient” by removing the condition of receipt of online information and database access or retrieval services (OIDAR) for purposes other than commerce, industry or any other business or profession so as to provide for taxability of OIDAR service provided by any person located in non- taxable territory to an unregistered person receiving the said services and located in the taxable territory. Further, it also seeks to clarify that the persons registered solely in terms of clause (vi) of Section 24 of CGST Act shall be treated as unregistered person for the purpose of the said clause. Also, clause (17) of the said section is being amended to revise the definition of “online information and database access or retrieval services” to remove the condition of rendering of the said supply being essentially automated and involving minimal human intervention.

[143]

2.

Proviso to sub-section (8) of section 12 of the IGST Act is being omitted so as to specify the place of supply, irrespective of destination of the goods, in cases where the supplier of services and recipient of services are located in India.

[144]

 

 


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Union Budget 2023-24 + FINANCE Bill, 2023

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Acts Income Tax