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Amendments to sections 473-485 and 494 recast many penalties from rigorous to simple imprisonment, cap most maximum terms at two years (with lower terms for subsequent offences), introduce fines in lieu of or alongside imprisonment, and adopt a tiered penalty structure tied to amounts of tax evaded-higher tiers permitting up to two years' simple imprisonment, intermediate tiers up to six months, and lower tiers limited to fines-while fully decriminalising selected offences and creating specific carve outs for certain TDS/TCS categories.
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Section 440 is to be amended to allow immunity from penalty and prosecution where under reporting arises from misreporting, subject to existing eligibility and procedural conditions. Immunity requires payment of additional income tax equal to 100% of the tax on such income; for income determined as unexplained credits/investments/assets the additional tax payable for immunity is 120%. The amendment is effective 1 April 2026 for tax year 2026 27 onward.
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Amendment extends the existing immunity from penalty and prosecution to cases where under reporting of income results from misreporting, subject to existing conditions: payment of tax and interest within the demand period, no appeal against the assessment, timely filing of an immunity application within one month, and assessing officer decision on the application within three months.
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Cooperative societies: deduction allowed on dividends from other cooperatives in new tax regime; limited federal cooperative relief.
Deduction is extended to dividends received by cooperative societies from other cooperative societies in the new tax regime, limited to amounts distributed to members. Notified federal cooperatives may claim a temporary deduction for dividends from companies for three years, restricted to investments made by the federal cooperative on or before 31.01.2026 and distributed to members. The amendment is effective from 1 April 2026 and applies to the tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years.
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Union Budget expands deduction to include cattle feed and cotton seeds under section 149(2)(b) for primary co operative societies.
Amendment expands section 149(2)(b) to permit full deduction of profits and gains of a primary co-operative society where members supply cattle feed and cotton seeds to a federal co-operative society, Government, local authority, Government company, or corporation engaged in the same business, applying from the tax year beginning 1 April 2026.
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Inclusion of multi-state co-operative societies in the co-operative society definition for tax purposes from April 2026.
Amendment expands the statutory definition of co-operative society to expressly include societies registered under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002, thereby bringing multi state registered cooperatives within the legal category subject to provisions applicable to co-operative societies under the Act.
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Advance pricing agreements now allow associated enterprises to file modified returns within three months for covered tax years.
Where income is modified as a result of an advance pricing agreement entered into with any person, that person or any associated enterprise may furnish a return or modified return limited to the agreement, within three months from the end of the month in which the agreement was entered into, in respect of tax years covered by such agreement entered on or after 1 April 2026 for tax years beginning 1 April 2026 and subsequent tax years.
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Exemption for foreign companies on income from procuring data centre services if routed through an Indian reseller.
A foreign company is exempt from Indian tax on income arising from procuring data centre services from a specified data centre, provided services to India users are routed through an Indian reseller; a specified data centre must be set up under an approved scheme notified by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and be owned and operated by an Indian company; the exemption applies from the tax year beginning 1 April 2026 through the tax year ending 31 March 2047.
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Prospecting of critical minerals now qualifies for deferred tax deduction over ten years under expanded schedule provisions.
The schedule is amended to add critical minerals so that expenditure on prospecting and exploration of those minerals qualifies for the statutory deferred deduction available to resident taxpayers, with such expenses deductible over ten years from the year of commercial production and covering costs incurred in that year and up to four preceding years.
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Exemption for foreign companies' income from supplying capital equipment to contract manufacturers in custom bonded areas.
An exemption is introduced for income of a foreign company from providing capital goods, equipment or tooling to an Indian-resident contract manufacturer located in a custom bonded area that manufactures electronic goods for the foreign company for consideration; the time-limited exemption applies up to the tax year 2030-2031 and takes effect from 1 April 2026, applying to the tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years within the stated period.
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Non-resident cruise operations and electronics manufacturing services excluded from MAT when using presumptive taxation.
Amendment excludes certain specified non-resident businesses that opt for presumptive taxation from the scope of Minimum Alternate Tax, adding cruise ship operations and services or technology for establishing electronics manufacturing facilities for resident companies to the excluded categories, with prospective application to subsequent tax years.
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Non-resident service providers: five-year exemption for foreign income when rendering services under notified Indian schemes.
An individual who has been a non-resident for five consecutive tax years immediately preceding their first visit to India to render services under a Scheme notified by the Central Government may be exempt, for five consecutive tax years commencing with that first tax year, from tax on income that accrues or arises outside India and is not deemed to accrue or arise in India, subject to prescribed conditions.
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IFSC units and OBUs will get a longer 100% deduction period and post-expiry income taxed at 15%.
Proposed amendments extend the 100% deduction under section 147 for IFSC units from 10 consecutive years out of 15 to 20 consecutive years out of 25, and for OBUs from 10 consecutive years to 20 consecutive years; business income from IFSC after the deduction period will be taxed at 15%. The amendments apply from 1 April 2026 to the tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years.
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Treasury centre dividend exclusion limited to cross border group loans in notified jurisdictions with parent listed abroad.
Amendment restricts the dividend exclusion for inter group advances or loans involving a Finance company or Finance unit by requiring the other group entity to be located in a notified jurisdiction outside India and the group's parent or principal entity to be listed abroad; the Central Government will notify eligible jurisdictions. It also defines "group entity" by reference to the IFSCA (Payment Services) Regulations, 2024, and defines "parent/principal entity" by voting power and board control tests; the changes apply from 1 April 2026 for tax year 2026 27 onward.

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AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017

2 February, 2022

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Goods and Service Tax

Note: (a) CGST Act means Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

(b) IGST Act means Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

(c) UTGST Act means Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2022, vide clause 99 to 113 will come into effect from a date to be notified, as far as possible, concurrently with the corresponding amendments to the similar Acts passed by the States & Union territories with legislature. Amendments carried out in the Finance Bill, 2022, vide clause 114 to 123 will come into effect on the date of its enactment.

I. AMENDMENTS IN THE CGST ACT, 2017:

S.No.

Amendment

Clause of the Finance Bill, 2022

1.

A new clause (ba) to sub-section (2) of section 16 of the CGST Act is being inserted to provide that input tax credit with respect to a supply can be availed only if such credit has not been restricted in the details communicated to the taxpayer under section 38.

Further, sub-section (4) of section 16 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an extended time for availment of input tax credit by a registered person in respect of any invoice or debit note pertaining to a financial year upto thirtieth day of November of the following financial year.

[99]

2.

Clause (b) and (c) of sub-section (2) of section 29 of the CGST Act are being amended so as to provide that the registration of a person is liable for cancellation, where -

(i) a person paying tax under section 10 has not furnished the return for a financial year beyond three months from the due date of furnishing of the said return;

(ii) a person, other than those paying tax under section 10, has not furnished returns for such continuous tax period as may be prescribed.

[100]

3.

Sub-section (2) of section 34 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an extended time for issuance of credit notes in respect of any supply made in a financial year upto thirtieth day of November of the following financial year.

[101]

4.

Section 37 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to:

(i) provide for prescribing conditions and restrictions for furnishing the details of outward supply and for communication of the details of such outward supplies to concerned recipients;

(ii) do away with two-way communication process in return filing;

(iii) provide for an extended time upto thirtieth day of November of the following financial year for rectification of errors in respect of details of outward supplies furnished under sub-section (1);

(iv) provide for tax period-wise sequential filing of details of outward supplies under sub-section (1).

 

[102]

5.

Section 38 of the CGST Act is being substituted for prescribing the manner as well as conditions and restrictions for communication of details of inward supplies and input tax credit to the recipient by means of an auto-generated statement and to do away with two-way communication process in return filing.

[103]

6.

Section 39 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to:

(i) provide that the non-resident taxable person shall furnish the return for a month by thirteenth day of the following month;

(ii) provide an option to the persons furnishing return under proviso to sub-section (1), to pay either the self-assessed tax or an amount that may be prescribed;

(iii) provide for an extended time upto thirtieth day of November of the following financial year, for rectification of errors in the return furnished under section 39;

(iv) provide for furnishing of details of outward supplies of a tax period under sub-section (1) of section 37 as a condition for furnishing the return under section 39 for the said tax period.

[104]

7.

 Section 41 of the CGST Act is being substituted so as to do away with the concept of “claim” of eligible input tax credit on a “provisional” basis and to provide for availment of selfassessed input tax credit subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed.

[105]

8.

Sections 42, 43 and 43A of the CGST Act are being omitted so as to do away with two-way communication process in return filing.

[106]

9.

Section 47 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for levy of late fee for delayed filing of return under section 52. Further, reference to section 38 is being removed consequent to the amendment in section 38 of the CGST Act.

[107]

10.

 Consequent to the amendment in section 38 of the CGST Act, sub-section (2) of section 48 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove reference to section 38 therefrom.

[108]

11.

Section 49 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to:

(i) provide for prescribing restrictions for utilizing the amount available in the electronic credit ledger;

(ii) allow transfer of amount available in electronic cash ledger under the CGST Act of a registered person to the electronic cash ledger under the said Act or the IGST Act of a distinct person;

(iii) provide for prescribing the maximum proportion of output tax liability which may be discharged through the electronic credit ledger.

[109]

12.

Sub-section (3) of section 50 of the CGST Act is being substituted retrospectively, with effect from the 1st July, 2017, so as to provide for levy of interest on input tax credit wrongly availed and utilized.

[110]

13.

Sub-section (6) of section 52 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to provide for an extended time upto thirtieth day of November of the following financial year for rectification of errors in the statement furnished under subsection (4).

[111]

14.

Section 54 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to:

(i) explicitly provide that refund claim of any balance in the electronic cash ledger shall be made in such form and manner as may be prescribed;

(ii) provide the time limit for claiming refund of tax paid on inward supplies of goods or services or both under section 55 as two years from the last day of the quarter in which the said supply was received;

(iii) extend the scope of withholding of or recovery from refunds in respect of all types of refund;

(iv) provide clarity regarding the relevant date for filing refund claim in respect of supplies made to a Special Economic Zone developer or a Special Economic Zone unit by way of insertion of a new sub-clause (ba) in clause (2) of Explanation thereto.

[112]

15.

Consequent to the amendment in section 38 of the CGST Act, sub-section (2) of section 168 of the CGST Act is being amended so as to remove reference to section 38 therefrom.

[113]

16.

Notification No. 9/2018 – Central Tax, dated the 23rd January, 2018, is being amended so as to notify www.gst.gov.in, retrospectively, with effect from 22nd June, 2017, as the Common Goods and Services Tax Electronic Portal, for all functions provided under Central Goods and Services Tax  Rules, 2017, other than those provided for e-way bill and for generation of invoices under sub-rule (4) of rule 48 of the CGST Rules.

[114]

17.

Notification No. 13/2017 – Central Tax, dated the 28th June, 2017, is being amended retrospectively, with effect from the 1st day of July, 2017, so as to notify rate of interest under subsection (3) of section 50 of the CGST Act as 18%.

[115]

 

 


Full Text:

Budget 2022-23 + FINANCE Bill, 2022

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Acts Income Tax