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Union Budget 2026 27 proposes decriminalisation of tax offences, replacing rigorous terms with graded simple imprisonment and fines.
Amendments to sections 473-485 and 494 recast many penalties from rigorous to simple imprisonment, cap most maximum terms at two years (with lower terms for subsequent offences), introduce fines in lieu of or alongside imprisonment, and adopt a tiered penalty structure tied to amounts of tax evaded-higher tiers permitting up to two years' simple imprisonment, intermediate tiers up to six months, and lower tiers limited to fines-while fully decriminalising selected offences and creating specific carve outs for certain TDS/TCS categories.
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Section 295 currently requires that seized material relating to undisclosed income of a person other than the specified person be handed to that person's AO and that the other person undergo block assessment with the same block period; the Finance Bill proposes amending Section 295(2) to limit the period of block for such third parties, particularly where the undisclosed income pertains to a single tax year, with effect for searches or requisitions initiated on or after 1 April 2026.
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The amendment replaces the last search authorization date with the initiation of search (or requisition) as the reference for computing the block-assessment limitation period and increases that period from twelve months to eighteen months, effective for searches or requisitions initiated on or after 1 April 2026.
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Penalties for certain compliance failures converted into graded fees with specified caps, effective April 1, 2026.
Select penalties for technical compliance failures are converted into prescribed graded fees: audit-reporting failures replaced by fees of Rs. 75,000 and Rs. 1,50,000 depending on delay; failure to furnish accountant reports for international or specified domestic transactions replaced by fees of Rs. 50,000 and Rs. 1,00,000; and failure to furnish statements of financial transactions or reportable accounts is converted into a fee with an introduced upper limit of Rs. 1,00,000 for the post-notice daily levy. The amendments take effect from the tax year beginning 1 April, 2026.
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Union Budget changes penalty process: under-reporting penalties imposed within assessment order; interest charged post-appeal, effective April 2027.
Penalties for under-reporting or misreporting are to be imposed within the assessment order to avoid multiple proceedings; consequential amendments align penalty, dispute resolution and recovery provisions. Interest under the tax recovery provision will be charged only after an appellate order by the first appellate authority or tribunal in appeals from dispute resolution forum orders.
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Increase in penalty for failing to comply with tax information requests from business premises to strengthen compliance.
Amendment to section 466 raises the maximum penalty for non-compliance with section 254 information directions from Rs. 1,000 to Rs. 25,000, to enhance deterrence and voluntary compliance. The enhanced sanction is to be imposed by specified tax officers and takes effect from 1 April 2026, applying to tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years.
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Tax on unexplained income cut to 30% and penalty treatment moved into the misreporting under reporting regime.
The proposal reduces the special tax charge on income determined as unexplained under sections 102-106 from 60% to 30% by amending section 195 and omits the standalone 10% penalty under section 443, subsuming penalty treatment into the under reporting/misreporting regime of section 439(11); the changes take effect from 1 April 2026 for tax year 2026-27 and thereafter.
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Union Budget expands taxpayer immunity to misreporting cases, allowing settlement by paying additional tax in lieu of penalty.
Section 440 is to be amended to allow immunity from penalty and prosecution where under reporting arises from misreporting, subject to existing eligibility and procedural conditions. Immunity requires payment of additional income tax equal to 100% of the tax on such income; for income determined as unexplained credits/investments/assets the additional tax payable for immunity is 120%. The amendment is effective 1 April 2026 for tax year 2026 27 onward.
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Amendment expands tax immunity to cover under reporting that results from misreporting, subject to existing procedural conditions.
Amendment extends the existing immunity from penalty and prosecution to cases where under reporting of income results from misreporting, subject to existing conditions: payment of tax and interest within the demand period, no appeal against the assessment, timely filing of an immunity application within one month, and assessing officer decision on the application within three months.
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Cooperative societies: deduction allowed on dividends from other cooperatives in new tax regime; limited federal cooperative relief.
Deduction is extended to dividends received by cooperative societies from other cooperative societies in the new tax regime, limited to amounts distributed to members. Notified federal cooperatives may claim a temporary deduction for dividends from companies for three years, restricted to investments made by the federal cooperative on or before 31.01.2026 and distributed to members. The amendment is effective from 1 April 2026 and applies to the tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years.
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Union Budget expands deduction to include cattle feed and cotton seeds under section 149(2)(b) for primary co operative societies.
Amendment expands section 149(2)(b) to permit full deduction of profits and gains of a primary co-operative society where members supply cattle feed and cotton seeds to a federal co-operative society, Government, local authority, Government company, or corporation engaged in the same business, applying from the tax year beginning 1 April 2026.
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Inclusion of multi-state co-operative societies in the co-operative society definition for tax purposes from April 2026.
Amendment expands the statutory definition of co-operative society to expressly include societies registered under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002, thereby bringing multi state registered cooperatives within the legal category subject to provisions applicable to co-operative societies under the Act.
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Advance pricing agreements now allow associated enterprises to file modified returns within three months for covered tax years.
Where income is modified as a result of an advance pricing agreement entered into with any person, that person or any associated enterprise may furnish a return or modified return limited to the agreement, within three months from the end of the month in which the agreement was entered into, in respect of tax years covered by such agreement entered on or after 1 April 2026 for tax years beginning 1 April 2026 and subsequent tax years.
News Bill
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Exemption for foreign companies on income from procuring data centre services if routed through an Indian reseller.
A foreign company is exempt from Indian tax on income arising from procuring data centre services from a specified data centre, provided services to India users are routed through an Indian reseller; a specified data centre must be set up under an approved scheme notified by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and be owned and operated by an Indian company; the exemption applies from the tax year beginning 1 April 2026 through the tax year ending 31 March 2047.
News Bill
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Prospecting of critical minerals now qualifies for deferred tax deduction over ten years under expanded schedule provisions.
The schedule is amended to add critical minerals so that expenditure on prospecting and exploration of those minerals qualifies for the statutory deferred deduction available to resident taxpayers, with such expenses deductible over ten years from the year of commercial production and covering costs incurred in that year and up to four preceding years.
News Bill
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Exemption for foreign companies' income from supplying capital equipment to contract manufacturers in custom bonded areas.
An exemption is introduced for income of a foreign company from providing capital goods, equipment or tooling to an Indian-resident contract manufacturer located in a custom bonded area that manufactures electronic goods for the foreign company for consideration; the time-limited exemption applies up to the tax year 2030-2031 and takes effect from 1 April 2026, applying to the tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years within the stated period.
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Non-resident cruise operations and electronics manufacturing services excluded from MAT when using presumptive taxation.
Amendment excludes certain specified non-resident businesses that opt for presumptive taxation from the scope of Minimum Alternate Tax, adding cruise ship operations and services or technology for establishing electronics manufacturing facilities for resident companies to the excluded categories, with prospective application to subsequent tax years.
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Non-resident service providers: five-year exemption for foreign income when rendering services under notified Indian schemes.
An individual who has been a non-resident for five consecutive tax years immediately preceding their first visit to India to render services under a Scheme notified by the Central Government may be exempt, for five consecutive tax years commencing with that first tax year, from tax on income that accrues or arises outside India and is not deemed to accrue or arise in India, subject to prescribed conditions.
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IFSC units and OBUs will get a longer 100% deduction period and post-expiry income taxed at 15%.
Proposed amendments extend the 100% deduction under section 147 for IFSC units from 10 consecutive years out of 15 to 20 consecutive years out of 25, and for OBUs from 10 consecutive years to 20 consecutive years; business income from IFSC after the deduction period will be taxed at 15%. The amendments apply from 1 April 2026 to the tax year 2026-27 and subsequent years.
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Treasury centre dividend exclusion limited to cross border group loans in notified jurisdictions with parent listed abroad.
Amendment restricts the dividend exclusion for inter group advances or loans involving a Finance company or Finance unit by requiring the other group entity to be located in a notified jurisdiction outside India and the group's parent or principal entity to be listed abroad; the Central Government will notify eligible jurisdictions. It also defines "group entity" by reference to the IFSCA (Payment Services) Regulations, 2024, and defines "parent/principal entity" by voting power and board control tests; the changes apply from 1 April 2026 for tax year 2026 27 onward.

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PROPOSALS INVOLVING CHANGES IN BASIC CUSTOMS DUTY RATES AND CLARIFICATORY AMENDMENTS IN RESPECTIVE NOTIFICATIONS - FINANCE (No.2) BILL, 2019

5 July, 2019

Contents
Rules & Regulations
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PROPOSALS INVOLVING CHANGES IN BASIC CUSTOMS DUTY RATES AND CLARIFICATORY AMENDMENTS IN RESPECTIVE NOTIFICATIONS

S. No

Heading, sub-heading tariff item

Commodity

From

To

 

 

Defence 

 

 

1

Any Chapter 

Specified Defence equipment and their parts imported by the Ministry of Defence or the Armed Forces

Applicable rate

Nil

 

 

Medical Devices

 

 

2

Any Chapter

Raw material, parts or accessories  for use manufacture of artificial kidneys, disposable sterilized dialyzer and micro-barrier of artificial kidney

Applicable rate

Nil

 

 

Food processing

 

 

3

0801 32 10

Cashew kernel broken 

₹ 60/ Kg or45%, whichever is higher

70%

4

0801 32 20,

0801 32 90

Cashew kernel whole, Cashew nuts shelled, others 

₹ 75/ Kg or 45%, whichever is higher

70%

 

 

Nuclear Fuels and Nuclear Energy projects

 

 

5

2612 10 00

All forms of Uranium ores and Concentrates for generation of nuclear power (Uranium concentrate U3O8 already exempt)

2.5%

Nil

6

2844 20 00

All goods for use in generation of Nuclear power (Certain goods such as sintered natural uranium dioxide already exempt)

7.5%

Nil

7

9801

All goods required for setting up of the following power projects under project imports: -

a)Mahi Banswara Atomic Power project- 1 to 4, Mahi Banswara site Rajasthan

b)Kaiga Atomic Power project – 5 & 6, Kaiga site, Karnataka

c)Gorakhpur Atomic Power project- 3 & 4, GHAVP, Haryana

d)Chutka Atomic Power project- 1 & 2, Chutka site, Madhya Pradesh

Applicable rate

Nil

 

 

Oils and associated chemicals 

 

 

8

Chapter 15, 

2915 70,

3823 11 00,

3823 12 00, 3823 13 00,

3823 19 00

Palm stearin and other oils, having 20% or more free fatty acid, Palm Fatty Acid Distillate and other industrial monocarboxylic fatty acids, acid oils from refining, for use in manufacture of soap and oleochemicals.

Nil

7.5%

 

 

Petroleum and Petrochemicals

 

 

9

2709 00 00

Petroleum Crude

Nil

Re. 1 per tonne

10

2710

Naphtha

5%

4 %

11

2903 15 00

Ethylene dichloride (EDC)

2%

Nil

12

2910 20 00

Methyloxirane (Propylene Oxide)

7.5%

5%

13

 

Plastic and Rubber 

 

 

14

3904

Poly Vinyl Chloride

7.5%

10%

15

3926 90 91,

3926 90 99 

Articles of plastics 

10%

15%

16

4002 31 00

 All goods i.e. Butyl Rubber

5%

10%

17

4002 39 00

 Chlorobutyl rubber or bromobutyl rubber

5%

10%

 

 

Paper and Paper products

 

 

18

 48

a. Newsprint 

Nil

10%

 

 

b.Uncoated paper used for printing of newspapers

 

 

 

 

c.Lightweight coated paper used for printing of magazines

 

 

19

4901 10 10,

4901 91 00,

4901 99 00

Printed books (including covers for printed books) and printed manuals, in bound form or in loose-leaf form with binder, executed on paper or any other material including transparencies.

Nil

5%

 

 

Textiles

 

 

20

5101

Wool Fibre

5%

2.5%

21

5105

Wool Tops

5%

2.5%

 

 

Flooring materials

 

 

22

2515 12 20,

6802 10 00,

6802 21 10,

6802 21 20,

6802 21 90,

6802 91 00,

6802 92 00

Marble Slabs

20%

40%

 

 

Inputs for Optical Fibres

 

 

23

28 or 70

Raw materials used in manufacture of Preform of Silica:-

(i)Refrigerated Helium Liquid (2804 29 10)

(ii)Silicon Tetra Chloride and Germanium Tetra Chloride (2812 19 20, 2812)

(iii)Silica Rods (7002 20 90)

(iv)Silica Tube (7002 31 00)

Applicable Rate

 

Nil  

24

5603 94 00

Water blocking tapes for manufacture of optical fiber cable

Nil

20%

 

 

Precious Metals

 

 

25

7106

Silver dore bar, having silver content not exceeding 95%

8.5%

11%

26

7108

Gold dore bar, having gold content not exceeding 95%

9.35%

11.85%

27

71 or 98

(a) Gold (excluding ornaments studded with stones or pearls) imported by an eligible passenger as baggage

(b)Silver (excluding ornaments studded with stones or pearls)  imported by an eligible passenger as baggage

10%

12.5%

 

 

Iron and Steel, Other base metals

 

 

28

7218

Stainless steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of stainless less

5%

7.5%

29

7224

Other alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of other alloy steel

5%

7.5%

30

 

7225, 

7225 19 90

Inputs for the  manufacture of CRGO steel:-

a) MgO coated cold rolled steel coils

b)Hot rolled coils

c)Cold-rolled MgO coated and annealed steel

d)Hot rolled annealed and pickled coils

e)Cold rolled full hard

5%

2.5%

31

7226 99 30

Amorphous alloy ribbon

10%

5%

32

7229

Wire of other alloy steel (other than INVAR)

5%

7.5%

33

8105 20 10

Cobalt mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy

5%

2.5%

 

 

Capital goods

 

 

34

8474 20 10

Stone crushing (cone type) plants for the construction of roads

Nil

7.5%

35

82, 84, 85 or 90

Capital goods used for manufacturing of following electronic items, namely-

(i)Populated PCBA

(ii)Camera module of cellular mobile phones

(iii)Charger/Adapter of cellular mobile phone

(iv)Lithium Ion Cell

(v)Display Module

(vi)Set Top Box

(vii)Compact Camera Module 

Applicable rate

Nil

36

84, 85 or 90

Capital goods used for manufacturing of specified electronic items, namely-

(i)Cathode Ray tubes;

(ii)CD/CD-R/DVD/DVD-R;

(iii)Deflection components, CRT monitors/CTVs;

(iv)Plasma Display Panel

Nil 

Applicable 

 

 

Electronics

 

 

37

8504 40

Charger/Power adapter for CCTV camera/IP camera/DVR/NVR

Nil

15%

38

85

Specified electronic items like plugs, sockets, switches, connectors,  relays.

Nil

Applicable rate

 

 

Automobile and automobile parts 

 

 

39

8421 39 20,

8421 39 90

Catalytic convertor (All goods under these tariff items other than catalytic converters will continue at 7.5%)

5%

10%

40

8702, 8704

Completely Built Unit (CBU) of vehicles falling under heading 8702, 8704

25%

30%

41

Any Chapter 

(i)E-Drive assembly, 

(ii)On board charger, 

(iii)E-compressor and

(iv)Charging Gun

Following parts of electric vehicles: -

Applicable rate

Nil

42

87

Prescribing actual user condition in respect of existing exemption from BCD to parts of Hybrid vehicles

-

-

 

 

Oil rigs and other goods used for oil exploration

 

 

43

84 or any other chapter 

Providing option to pay BCD at transaction value on the disposal of goods, imported without payment of customs duty for petroleum operations / coal bed Methane operations where such disposal is made in unserviceable and mutilated condition

Applicable rate on depreciated value 

7.5% on transaction value

 

 

Export Promotion for Sports goods

 

 

44

39 , 4407 

Foam/EVA foam (39) and Pine Wood (4407) are being included in the list of items allowed duty free import upto 3% of FOB value of sports goods exported in the preceding financial year subject to specified conditions

Applicable rate

Nil

 

Clarifications and Miscellaneous changes regarding Basic Customs Duty

 

 

Fisheries

 

 

45

2309

Clarification is being issue that prawn feed and shrimp larvae feed, other than in pellet form will also attract 5% customs duty applicable on other fish feed in pellet form.  

 

 

 

 

Topics

Acts Income Tax