TaxTMI 
TaxTMI 
2006 (7) TMI 251
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....ue of the perquisites granted to the employees during the financial years 1995-96 to 2000-01 (referred to by the Assessing Officer as assessment years 1996-97 to 2001-02). During the above mentioned financial years, the assessee bank provided furniture to different categories of employees. The items of furniture included computer table & chair, vaccum cleaner, coir mattresses, cooking range, TV, washing machine, refrigerator, dining table with chairs, air conditioner etc. In respect of these various items of furniture and other appliances granted to the employees, the assessee bank charged standard rent based upon the first stage of pay scale of different categories of employees. During the financial years under appeal, the assessee bank was initially charging rent at the rate of 1 per cent of the first stage of the scale in which the employee was placed, on the basis of the internal circular dated 1-11-1992. Subsequently, by another circular, the rent was reduced to 0.5 per cent with effect from 1-4-1998. The assessee bank also reimbursed to the employees, the expenditure incurred by them on daily wages for maintenance and proper upkeep of the residential accommodation, furniture ....
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....ijaya Bank Officers' Association v. Vijaya Bank [2001] 250 ITR 500. It was also submitted before the Assessing Officer that under section 192, the assessee is required to deduct tax at source on the estimated income of an employee and that the only requirement of law is that such estimate should be honest and bona fide. 5. These submissions did not find favour with the Assessing Officer, who passed the impugned orders under sections 201(1) and 201(1A), treating the assessee bank as "assessee in default" and also charging interest. For the purpose of determining the value of perquisite in respect of furniture and other appliances, the Assessing Officer adopted the value as per the maximum entitlement of the employees, in view of the fact that no material was filed to show the cost of the furniture. The orders have been confirmed by the respective CIT(A) and that is why the assessee is before us. 6. On behalf of the assessee-bank Shri S.E. Dastoor attended, assisted by Sri Nilesh Joshi, Shri Dastoor opened up his arguments by making the following preliminary propositions: (a) the orders passed by the Assessing Officer for the financial years 1995-96 to 1997-98 [assessment yea....
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....llen Mills Ltd v. ITO [1996] 57 ITD 536 (Mum.) 2. Sahara Airlines Ltd v. Dy. CIT [2002] 83 ITD 11 (Delhi) 3. Mitsubishi Corpn. v. Dy. CIT [2003] 85 ITD 414 (Delhi) The learned counsel pointed that after a detailed discussion, the Tribunal in the case of Wockhardt Life Sciences Ltd, recorded its finding at para 17 in the following manner: "After taking into consideration of the ratio of the above decisions and taking into consideration the submissions of both the parties, we find that the orders passed by the Assessing Officer under section 201(1) and 201(1A) are barred by limitation. Undisputedly the tax was to be deposited before 31st March, 1994. However, the proceedings under section 201(1) and 201(1A) were initiated by the Assessing Officer in 2000. As the order was passed on 24-1-2000. It is beyond the period of limitation of 4 years, which has been held as reasonable period for deciding such issues. Therefore, following the decision of the Tribunal, we hold that the orders of the Assessing Officer are barred by limitation." The learned counsel submitted that in the present cases, the orders passed after expiry of period of four years should be held to be null and v....
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.... [2001] 243 ITR 435 (Delhi) Hindustan Lever Ltd. IT Appeal No. 1957 1960/B /89 order dated 12-4-1997 11. The learned counsel invited our attention to the ratio of Hon'ble Madhya Pradesh High Court in the case of Gwalior Rayon & Silk Co. Ltd, which is reproduced below from the head notes: "The provisions of section 201 of the Act are attracted in the case of an employer only when that employer does not deduct tax at once or after deducting fails to pay the tax as required by the Act. A duty is cast on an employer to form an opinion about the tax liability of his employee in respect of the salary income. While forming this opinion, the employer is undoubtedly expected to act honestly and fairly. But if it is found that the estimate made by the employer is incorrect, this fact alone without anything more, would not inevitably lead to the inference that the employer has not acted honestly and fairly. Unless that inference, can be reasonably raised against an employer, no fault can be found with him. It cannot be held that he has not deducted tax on the estimated income of the employee. Held, that in the instant case it had not been found by the ITO or the Tribunal that the ....
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....arliament that is State Bank of India Act, 1955. Section 43 of the State Bank of India Act inter alia provides as follows: "43(1) The State Bank may appoint such number of Officers, advisers and employees as it considers necessary or desirable for the efficient performance of its functions, and determine the terms and conditions of their appointment and service. (2) The officers, advisers and employees of the State Bank shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as may by general or special order, be entrusted or delegated to them by the Central Board." That the State Bank of India Supervising the Staff Service Rules were framed under the aforesaid enabling provision i.e., section 43 of the State Bank of India Act which provides the terms and conditions of service. The said rule was substituted by State Bank of India Officers (Determination of Terms & Conditions of Service) Order, 1979. Rule 25 thereof inter alia reads as under: "25(3) wherever possible, the Bank may at its discretion provide essential furniture in the houses provided by the Bank on such scale as may be prescribed from time-to-time by the Managing Director with the approval of the Chairman, subject t....
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....icers who are similarly situated. There is no case of provision of amenity at concessional rate. The Calcutta High Court in the Vijaya Bank scase held that the provision of furniture to the Bank officer is not a perquisite. It relied on several cases including the judgment of the Division Benches. Bona fide belief The bona fide belief of the Bank that it was not required to deduct tax at source on furniture provided to employees is on the basis of the decision of the Calcutta High Court in the case of All India Vijaya Bank Officers' Association v. Vijaya Bank (250 ITR 500) and other High Court decisions. It is submitted that the facts in the case of Vijaya Bank is identical with those of the Bank. Accordingly, the Bank cannot be treated as an assessee in default under section 201 of the Income-tax Act, 1961." 14. It is contended that the assessee bank has been following uniform policy regarding charging of standard rent from different categories of officers and full explanation was submitted before the learned CIT(A). It is also pointed out that the officers normally did not get the furniture at their full entitlement. He invited our attention to pages 62 and 63 of PB, whe....
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.... forcefully supported the orders of the revenue authorities. With regard to the claim that the orders for the assessment years 1996-97 to 1998-99 have become time-barred, she submitted that the peculiar circumstances under which, action has been taken by the Assessing Officer have to be kept in mind. It is pointed out that relevant orders have been passed consequent to the survey conducted by the department on 11-12-2001. It is argued that only during the course of survey, the department came to know that tax was not being properly deducted by the assessee-bank and therefore, action was taken under section 201(1) and 201(1A). It is submitted that after the survey, the relevant orders have been passed latest by 25-10-2002. The learned DR submitted that this issue has been examined by the learned CIT(A) on the basis of various judicial pronouncements. She invited our attention to para 27.2 of the order of the learned CIT(A) for the assessment years 1997-98 to 2000-01, which is reproduced below:- "I have carefully considered the arguments made by and on behalf of the appellant as regards the limitation of the order passed under section 201(1) for assessment year 1997-98 and also gon....
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.... been amended with retrospective effect from 1-4-1962 and therefore, the assessee cannot escape its liability. It is pointed that the cases relied upon by the learned counsel for assessee are related to preamendment period and therefore, the same are not applicable. The learned DR also vehemently contended that there is no question of the assessee being under any bona fide belief. It is argued that rule 3 of the IT Rules is mandatory as held by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of K.S. Sundaram v. CIT [2001] 251 ITR 781. The learned DR also pointed out that under rule 3(B), where accommodation is furnished, the fair rent for furniture (including TV sets, radio sets, refrigerator and other household appliances etc.) has to be calculated at 10 per cent per annum of the original cost of such furniture, which is owned by the employer. It is submitted that the assessee bank was well aware of the cost of the furniture and various other appliances allotted to the employees and the value of the perquisite was required to be determined at 10 per cent of such cost. The Rule is mandatory as held by the Hon'ble Supreme Court and therefore, there is no basis whatsoever for any bona ....
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....ssing Officer after the expiry of the period of limitation, cannot be validated. All the material facts were already available with the department as the assessee bank has consistently, followed the same method over a period of almost 50 years. The details relating to TDS in respect of employees have to be filed by the employer every year in the prescribed form as required under section 206 of the Act. Thus, for each financial year the prescribed return of TDS has to be filed by the tax deductor within the prescribed time-limit. The Assessing Officer was free to scrutinize these annual returns and to raise any queries if he had any doubt about the proper deduction of tax on the part of the assessee. In our view, the survey conducted on 11-12-2001 will not alter the legal position with regard to the timelimit for passing of orders under section 201(1) and 201(1A). 19. The learned DR has also relied on the discussion given by the learned CIT(A) while rejecting the assessee's claim that the order, for the assessment year 1997-98, has been passed beyond the limitation period. The relevant part of the order has already been reproduced by us above. The learned CIT(A) has referred to....
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....le under this Act shall be commenced after the expiration of three years from the last day of the financial year in which the demand is made, or, in the case of a person who is deemed to be an assessee in default under any provision of this Act, after the expiration of three years from the last day of the financial year in which the assessee is deemed to be in default." 21. A conjoint reading of the aforesaid section and the Hon'ble Kerala High Court's decision in the case of Secretary, Sultan Battery Co-op. Housing Society Ltd. makes it clear that section 231 imposed a bar on any recovery of any sum payable under the Income-tax Act after the expiry of the prescribed period. A recovery can commence only pursuant to any orders passed under section 201(1) and 201(1A). After deletion of section 231, such action for recovery can be taken at any time. However, Hon'ble Kerala High Court decision cannot be interpreted so as to mean that there is no time-limit for passing orders under section 201(1) and 201(1A). We, therefore, hold that the assessment orders passed under section 201(1) and 201(1A) for three assessment years 1996-97 to 1998-99 are time-barred and are accordingl....
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....e Legislature has amended the relevant sections and the amended provisions have been consciously made effective with retrospective effect from 1-4-1962 i.e., right from the commencement of the Income-tax Act, 1961. In our view, whatever may be consequences, the law laid down by the Legislature has to be given effect. We, therefore, hold that for the assessment years under appeal short deduction of tax at source would also attract the provisions of section 201(1) and 201(1A). 24. We now go to the merits as also the arguments raised by Sri Dastoor that under section 192, the assessee is obliged to deduct tax at source on the estimated income of the employees and if such estimate is honest and bona fide, the provisions of section 201(1) and 201(1A) cannot be invoked. One of the alleged perquisites is furniture and other appliances allotted to the bank officers at standard rent, which is claimed by the department to be in the nature of benefit or amenity granted to the employees at concessional rate. On the basis of this reasoning, the department claims that provision of such benefit at concessional rate is a perquisite as defined under section 17(2)(iii) of the Act. The case of the d....
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....h Court. It would be appropriate to reproduce below the ratio of this decision from the head notes:- "The respondent was a nationalised bank which provided residential accommodation to some of its officers charging standard rent as fixed under the Regulations framed by the bank. By a circular dated October 14,1992, the bank informed its branches that the standard rent recovered by the bank in the case of accommodation provided to the employees, was not a fair rent value that it was a perquisite to be calculated in accordance with rule 3(b) of the Income-tax Rules, 1962. On a writ petition filed by the association of officers of the bank, a single Judge held in favour of the employees. On appeal to a Division Bench by the Department. Held, dismissing the appeal, that rule 3(b) was for the purpose of valuation of the perquisite provided to the employee and if there was no perquisite, the question of valuation did not arise. Rule 3(b) of the Income-tax Rules could only be applied where the accommodation had been given to the employees at a concessional rate and if there was no concession, rule 3(b) of the Rules was not applicable. The question of concession depended on the nature ....
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....th the provisions of section 17(2) of the Act. The rule cannot be permitted to be read in a manner beyond the powers conferred under the substantive provision of the Act". 27. The aforesaid Single Judge decision has been confirmed by the Hon'ble Calcutta High Court in the case of All India Vijaya Bank Officers 'Association. The Hon'ble Madhya Pradesh High Court in the case of Officers' Association, Bhilai Steel Plant and the Hon'ble Andhra Pradesh High Court in case of Steel Executives Association have also taken similar view. In all the above mentioned cases, it has been consistently held that no perquisite would arise under section 17(2)(iii), if uniform standard rent is charged from employees similarly placed. It has also been clearly held that rule 3 of the IT Rules can be applied only in a situation where there is a perquisite chargeable to tax under section 17(2). If there isno perquisite, question of valuation thereof under rule 3 would not arise. 28. The present case may be examined in the light of the legal position, which emerges from the above-mentioned judicial pronouncements. The facts have already been stated above in detail. The furniture and ot....