Foreign withholding tax remains non-deductible where eligible for double-taxation relief, even if no Indian credit is usable.

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....Foreign withholding tax eligible for double-taxation relief under sections 90 or 91 cannot be deducted as business expenditure merely because nil Indian tax liability prevents use of the credit. Explanation 1 to section 40(a)(ii) applies based on eligibility for relief, not actual allowance or utilisation; the claimed deduction was therefore rejected. An additional legal claim for that deduction, raised before the first appellate authority, required examination on merits where the return and Form 67 contained the relevant material. Rule 46A did not justify threshold rejection, although the claim ultimately failed.....