TaxTMI 
TaxTMI 
2024 (1) TMI 650
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....allowance of Employees Stock Option Plan (ESOP) expenditure: On the facts and circumstance of case and in law, the Ld. CIT(A) NFAC erred in exceeding its Jurisdiction under section 25t of the Income-tax Act, 1961 ('Act') while enhancing the income/reducing the loss of the Appellant to the extent of ESOP expenditure of Rs. 2,04,91,503/- Without Prejudice to Ground No.2, 3. On the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. CIT(A)-NFAC erred in bolding that ESOP expenses of the Appellant amounting to Rs. 2,04,91,503/- was not allowable as a business expenditure under section 37(1) of the Act and treating as capital expenditure. The Appellant prays that its claim be allowed as business expenditure under the provisions of the Act. Disallowance under section 14A of the Act: 4. On the facts and in the circumstances of the case and in law, the Ld. NFAC erred in upholding the action of the Assistant Commissioner of Income-tax, Circle 3(1)(2), Mumbai ('Ld. AO') in disallowing an amount of Rs. 6,30.553 under section 14A of the Act r.w.r. 8D of the Income-tax Rules, 1962 (the Rules') The Appe....
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....ard. 4. The CIT(A) with regard to disallowance under section 14A upheld the order of the AO. While considering the plea of the assessee to direct the AO to consider the loss as per the revised return of income, the CIT(A) noticed that the loss is enhanced in the revised return due to the claim of Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP) expenses claimed as a deduction by the assessee. The CIT(A) invoked the powers vested by provisions of section 251(1)(a) r.w. Explanation sent enhancement notice asking the assessee to explain why the ESOP of expenses should not be disallowed. The assessee submitted that the amount claimed as ESOP expenses is arising out of the difference between the market value and offer price on the date of exercise in respect of shares offered to employees under the ESOP scheme. The assessee further submitted that the difference is taxed as perquisite in the hands of employees on which tax is deducted. The assessee therefore, submitted that the expenditure on ESOP is eligible for deduction under section 37(1) of the Act. The assessee also relied on various High Court and Tribunal's decisions wherein ESOP expenses are held to be ascertained liability and allowabl....
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....assessee or in the assessment order and therefore, the appellate Asst. Commissioner cannot travel beyond the subject matter of the assessment. In other words the power of enhancement under section 31(3) of the Act is restricted to the subject matter of assessment or the source of income which have been considered expressly or by clear implications by the Income Tax Officer from the point of view of the taxability of the assessee". The ld. AR also relied on the decision of the Kolkata Bench of the Tribunal in the case of Apeejay Shipping Ltd. Vs. ACIT (2023) 152 taxmann.com 298 (Kol. Trib.) in which a similar view has been expressed by the Tribunal. 7. On merits the ld. AR submitted that the ESOP expenditure is an allowable claim under section 37(1) of the Act and in this regard relied on the decision of the Karnataka High Court in the case of CIT Vs. Biocon Ltd. Accordingly, the ld. AR made a without prejudice submission that even on merits the ESOP expenditure is an allowable claim and this fact has been admitted by the CIT(A) himself in the appellate order. 8. The ld. DR on the other hand relied on the order of the lower authorities. 9. We have heard the parties and peru....
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....emedial measures which can be taken under these circumstances. While framing assessment under Section 143(3) of the Act, any of the following situation may occur:- (a) The Assessing Officer may accept the return of income without making any addition disallowance; or (b) The assessment is framed and the Assessing Officer makes certain addition or disallowance and in making such additions or disallowances, he deals with such item or items of income in the body of order of assessment but he under-assessed such sums; or (c) He makes no addition in respect of some of the items, though in the course of hearing before him holds a discussion of such items of income (d) Yet, there can be another situation where the Assessing Officer inadvertently omits to tax amount which ought to have been taxed and in respect of which he does not make a enquiry. (e) Further another situation may arise, where an item or items of income or expenditure incurred and claimed is not at all considered and an assessment is framed, as a res thereof, a prejudice is caused to the revenue, or (f) Where an item of income which ought to have been taxed remained unta....
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....he instant case. noted above, the submission of learned counsel for the appellant was that the Assessing Office had not dealt with the issue in question (on which additions are made) in the assessment order all and therefore, the CIT(A) had no power to make any additions under Section 251(1)(a) of the Act. According to the assessee, even if the Assessing Officer might have discussed such an issue during the course of hearing before him, i.e. incidental or collateral examination, that itself would not have given power to the CIT(A) unless the issue was specifically dealt with by the AO in t body of the order of the assessment. It is this aspect which needs consideration in the present case. (emphasis supplied) 11. When we consider the provisions of section 251 and the above judicial pronouncements, certain principles emerge as to that the power to enhance is restricted to the subject matter of assessment or the source of income which have been considered expressly or by clear implications by the AO from the point of view of the taxability of the assessee. In other words the CIT(A) can exercise the power to enhance under section 251(1) in a case where the AO has considered a pa....
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....ases may be dealt with under section 147/148 and section 263, if requisite conditions are fulfilled. It is inconceivable that in the presence of such specific provisions, a similar power is available to the first appellate authority." 13. Taking into consideration the ratio laid down by the above judicial pronouncements and the facts of the present case we are of the view that the CIT(A) has acted beyond his jurisdiction enhancing the income of the assessee by disallowing the ESOP expenses for the reason that the AO while completing the assessment has not taken into consideration the revised return of income and has not examined the taxability of ESOP expenses which the assessee has claimed in the revised return of income. While holding so we would like to add that the decision is based on the facts unique to the assessee's case. This ground of the assessee is allowed accordingly. 14. On merits the issue of allowability of ESOP expenses is covered by the decision of the Karnataka High Court in the case of Biocon Ltd (supra) where it is held that expenditure on account of ESOP is a revenue expenditure and had to be allowed as deduction while computing income. The Special B....
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....of the allotment to him of a capital asset, being a unit or units, in the consolidated scheme of the mutual fund in not regarded as transfer as per section 47 clause (xviii). Accordingly, the above transaction of consolidation is not a transfer in the eyes of law and accordingly is not a taxable event and therefore the assessee has not earned any exempt income during the year and has merely disclosed the above transaction in the return of income out of abundant caution. In absence of exempt income, the assessee submits that it has not incurred any expenditure for earning exempt income and accordingly the provision of section 14A of the IT Act are not applicable to the assessee." 16. The AO did not consider this submission of the assessee and proceeded to make a disallowance of Rs. 6,30,553/- under section 14A of the Act. On further appeal, the CIT(A) upheld the decision of the AO. Aggrieved, the assessee is in appeal before the Tribunal. 17. The ld. AR submitted that the income which is shown by the assessee as exempt is in reality is not an exempt income in order to invoke the provisions of section 14A. The ld. AR further submitted that the income has arise....