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Aircraft R&D expenses for sale should count as business expenses u/s 37, not Section 35(1)(iv).
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....Nature of expenditure incurred towards research and development - The fact that the expenses incurred by the assessee towards research and expenses have been met out of the grants given by the government, which is treated as capital receipt is immaterial. - The expenditure was incurred by the assessee for research and development for manufacture of aircrafts, which were to be sold. Thus, the expenditure was incurred for the purpose of business of the assessee and the same ought to have been allowed under Section 37 instead of Section 35(1)(iv) - HC....