TaxTMI 
TaxTMI 
1971 (11) TMI 1
X X X X Extracts X X X X
X X X X Extracts X X X X
....M. Parikh v. Navanagar Transport & Industries Ltd. The order impugned in the application is dated May 13, 1964. By this order, the Income-tax Officer stated that " on scrutiny of the records for the year of account relevant to the assessment year 1955-56 it has been noticed that the company did not declare any dividends at its general meeting, even though there were sufficient profits available for doing so and that there were no losses incurred in the earlier years ". He also noticed that " during the relevant period the company was one in which the public were not substantially interested in terms of sub-section (9) of section 23A ". He concluded that " the provisions of section 23A are, therefore, applicable and the company is liable t....
X X X X Extracts X X X X
X X X X Extracts X X X X
....he court, observed at page 921 : " When this court decides questions of law, its decisions are, under article 141, binding on all courts within the territory of India, and so, it must be the constant endeavour and concern of this court to introduce and maintain an element of certainty and continuity in the interpretation of law in the country. Frequent exercise by this court of its power to review its earlier decisions on the ground that the view pressed before it later appears to the court to be more reasonable, may incidentally tend to make law uncertain and introduce confusion which must be consistently avoided. This is not to say that if, on a subsequent occasion, the court is satisfied that its earlier decision was clearly erroneous,....
X X X X Extracts X X X X
X X X X Extracts X X X X
....) tends to show that the case was correctly decided. It seems to us that the words " after the expiry of four years from the end of the year in which the income, profits or gains were first assessable " in section 34(3) are not really apposite to cover the order made under section 23A, as it stood before its amendment by the Finance (No. 2) Act of 1957. Section 34(3), without the proviso, at the relevant time, read as follows : " 34. (3) No order if assessment or reassessment, other than an order of assessment under section 23 to which clause (c) of sub-section (1) of section 28 applies or an order of assessment or reassessment in cases falling within clause (a) of sub-section (1) or sub-section (1A) of this section shall be made after th....