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April 4, 2026
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Digital audit report requirements govern electoral trusts claiming exclusion of voluntary contributions from total income.
FN 181 is a mandatory digital audit report for an electoral trust seeking exclusion of reported voluntary contributions from total income. It must be prepared by an accountant, filed electronically with the Commissioner of Income Tax (CPC) through the e-filing portal, and submitted on or before the due date for filing the return of income. The form cannot be filed offline or edited after submission, and a valid PAN is mandatory for filing.
April 4, 2026
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Employee welfare fund approval under income tax rules depends on notified purposes, verified disclosure, and hearing before rejection.
Form 180 is the electronic application for approval or renewal of an employee welfare fund established for notified purposes under section 11(3) read with Schedule VII, to be filed by the trust or fund before the jurisdictional PCIT/CIT and verified by the trustee or principal officer. The form requires details of the trust or fund, employer organisation, objects, trustees, employee membership, contributions, income, application or accumulation of funds, along with the trust deed, activity notes and accounts. Approval is granted only if the prescribed conditions are satisfied, for a period not exceeding three tax years, and rejection requires recorded reasons and an opportunity of hearing.
April 4, 2026
Show AI Summary
Employee Welfare Fund approval through Form 180 requires online filing, valid PAN, and strict trust-based eligibility conditions.
Form 180 is the prescribed electronic application for an Employee Welfare Fund seeking approval or renewal from the jurisdictional Principal CIT/CIT. The fund must be a trust for notified welfare purposes for serving employees or their dependents, and the application must be verified by the trustee or principal officer. Filing is mandatory for approval, which confers pass-through treatment and tax exemption subject to conditions. The form can be filed only online, cannot be edited after submission, and requires a valid PAN and supporting documents.
April 4, 2026
Show AI Summary
Business connection in India compliance through Form 173 for eligible investment funds and annual verification of eligibility conditions.
Form 173 is a statement furnished by an eligible investment fund to verify compliance with the conditions for claiming that its activities do not constitute a business connection in India. The form is filed once in a tax year within 90 days from the end of the tax year, and it contains particulars on residence, tax identification number, Schedule I compliance, participation interests in India, fund manager remuneration, and investment profits. Supporting documents may include approval orders, registrations, financial statements, and remuneration contracts.
April 4, 2026
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Eligible investment fund reporting under no-business-connection rules requires mandatory online Form 173 filing and digital signature compliance.
Form 173 is the mandatory statement for an eligible investment fund to establish that its activities do not create a business connection in India. It must be filed once in a tax year, within 90 days from the end of the tax year, by the fund manager or designated person, only through the Income Tax e-filing portal, and it cannot be edited after submission. The form requires supporting fund details, registrations, financial statements, and digital signature compliance, and a valid PAN is mandatory.
April 4, 2026
Show AI Summary
Eligible investment fund reporting under Form 172 requires accountant certification, electronic filing, and compliance with prescribed conditions.
Form 172 is the accountant's report for an eligible investment fund to establish fulfilment of prescribed conditions relevant to section 9(12) and the claim that the fund's activities do not create a business connection in India. It is prescribed under Rule 274(7), filed once in each tax year by the appointed accountant, and due by 31 October of the succeeding tax year. The form is filed electronically with a UDIN and digital signature, and non-filing may attract penalty under section 447.
April 4, 2026
Show AI Summary
Business connection in India reporting through Form 172 requires mandatory electronic filing, UDIN generation, and supporting documentation.
Form 172 is the mandatory accountant's report for an eligible investment fund to show compliance with conditions for claiming no business connection in India. It is filed once in a tax year by the appointed accountant through the Income Tax e-filing portal, after UDIN generation and digital signature. The form requires a valid PAN, cannot be edited after submission, and may need supporting documents such as fund manager details, SEBI registrations, financial statements, and contracts relating to the fund manager's activities and remuneration.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Authorised Income Tax Practitioner registration under Form 171 depends on eligibility, supporting documents, and authority verification.
Form 171 is the one-time application for registration as an authorised Income Tax Practitioner under the specified eligibility categories in section 515(3) of the Income Tax Act, 2025. Eligible applicants include accountants, persons who have passed a recognised accountancy examination, and other qualified persons recognised by the Central Board of Direct Taxes. The form requires applicant details, the claimed eligibility category, qualifications, prior tax appearances, and supporting documents, and is filed with the jurisdictional Income Tax Authority for verification and registration.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Authorised Income-tax Practitioner registration through Form 171 requires eligibility details, supporting documents, and one-time filing.
Form 171 is the prescribed application for registration as an Authorised Income-tax Practitioner under section 515 of the Income-tax Act 2025 and must be filed with the jurisdictional Chief Commissioner or Commissioner of Income-tax. The application is mandatory for recognition in that capacity, may be filed after eligibility arises, and is a one-time filing unless otherwise directed. It requires applicant particulars, eligibility details, qualifications, supporting documents, and relevant firm or association details. On approval, the applicant's name is entered in the Register of Income-tax Practitioners and a Certificate of Registration is issued.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Annual Information Statement consolidates tax credits, payments, transactions, and proceedings in a taxpayer's e-filing account.
Form 168 operates as an auto-generated Annual Information Statement linked to a taxpayer's PAN and available in the e-filing account. It consolidates TDS, TCS, tax payments, specified financial transactions, demand and refund details, and pending or completed proceedings, together with any other prescribed information. The taxpayer does not file the form manually. It is updated dynamically during the year as underlying reports and payments are processed, and it uses Tax Year instead of Financial Year.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Annual Information Statement and taxpayer summary streamline income reporting through detailed verification, feedback correction, and consolidated return filing.
Annual Information Statement (AIS) is the detailed financial statement linked to PAN, and Taxpayer Information Summary (TIS) is its consolidated version showing category-wise totals for use in return filing. AIS contains transaction-level data, while TIS provides summarized figures such as salary, rental income, interest, capital gains, dividend, business income and taxes paid. Taxpayers should verify AIS, use the feedback mechanism for incorrect or unrelated entries, and rely on the updated TIS; actual income must still be reported in the return even if missing from AIS.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
GST appeal filing blocked by NIL demand entries despite unpaid dispute over liability and prior voluntary payment.
Taxpayers may face portal restrictions when an adjudication order reflects a NIL demand because payment was made at the show cause notice stage without admitting liability. Although such payment does not amount to acceptance of the demand, the GST portal may block filing of appeal application APL-01 when no liability is captured in the Demand and Collection Register. The taxpayer may seek rectification of the order so that the correct demand amount is reflected and the appeal can then be filed within the prescribed time.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Annual reporting for film production and specified activities under the income-tax framework now requires structured disclosure and TDS linkage.
Form 164 requires persons engaged in cinematograph film production or notified specified activities to furnish an annual statement for each tax year under section 507 of the Income-tax Act, 2025, read with Rule 236. The statement is due within 60 days from the end of the tax year and covers filer particulars, film or activity details, and payment and TDS information, including aggregate payments above the prescribed threshold linked to the relevant film or activity. The revised format uses three parts and standardised digital reporting.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Mandatory annual statement for film production and specified activities covers incomplete projects, threshold payments, TAN, and electronic filing status.
A mandatory annual statement is required under section 507 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 for persons engaged in cinematograph film production or specified activities such as event management, sports events, documentary production, OTT or TV programme production, performing arts, or similar notified activities. The filing obligation applies to every individual, partnership firm, LLP, company or other entity that produced a film or undertook a specified activity during the relevant tax year, including cases where the film or activity was not completed in that year. The statement must be filed within 60 days from the end of the tax year, and TAN is required where the filer is liable to deduct tax at source.
April 3, 2026
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Personal loan flexibility expands as longer repayment tenure, collateral-free borrowing, and faster disbursal aim to ease EMI burden.
Bajaj Finance has revised its personal loan offering by extending the repayment tenure up to 108 months, replacing the earlier 96-month structure. The longer tenure is intended to reduce monthly EMI burden and give borrowers greater flexibility in managing repayments, while shorter tenures remain available within a range of 12 months to 108 months depending on customer preference. The personal loan product is described as collateral-free and designed for planned and urgent expenses, with loan amounts ranging from Rs. 40,000 to Rs. 55 lakh.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Indirect transfer reporting under Form 163 requires timely electronic disclosure of share transfers affecting Indian assets and control rights.
Form 163 is the reporting statement for indirect transfers of assets located in India under section 506 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Rule 235 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. It is to be furnished by an Indian concern, or its representative, where a non-resident transfers shares or interests in a foreign company or entity in a manner affecting assets, rights, management or control in relation to the Indian concern. The form is filed electronically within the prescribed timelines and supports computation of income reported in Form 4.
April 3, 2026
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Foreign exchange reserves decline as rupee pressure, RBI dollar sales, and lower gold and currency assets shape weekly movement.
India's foreign exchange reserves declined to USD 688.058 billion for the week ended March 27, driven by lower foreign currency assets and gold reserves. The Reserve Bank of India continued to intervene in the foreign exchange market through dollar sales and related policy measures as the rupee remained under pressure, while Special Drawing Rights rose slightly and the IMF reserve position edged down.
April 3, 2026
Show AI Summary
Indirect transfer reporting in Form No. 163 requires timely electronic filing, supporting documents, and a valid PAN.
Reporting of indirect transfers of assets located in India requires an Indian concern, or its representative, to furnish information in Form No. 163 under section 506 of the Income Tax Act, 2025. The form is mandatory and applies where a non-resident transfers shares of, or interest in, an offshore company or entity resulting in an indirect transfer of assets in India. It must be furnished within ninety days from the end of the financial year, or within ninety days of the transaction where management or control rights in relation to the Indian concern are transferred.
April 3, 2026
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Annual statement filing for liaison offices in India requires RBI-linked disclosure, electronic submission, and timely compliance.
Form 162 is an annual statement required under section 505 of the Income Tax Act, 2025, for non-resident entities maintaining a liaison office in India. It must be filed once in each tax year within eight months from the end of the tax year, electronically through the income-tax e-filing portal and digitally signed by the authorised signatory. The form captures head office, liaison office, RBI approval, Annual Activity Certificate, financial, employee, and counterparty details, and may be used for verification, international taxation, and transfer pricing cross-checks.
April 3, 2026
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Annual statement compliance for liaison offices requires electronic filing, certified activity records, valid PAN, and timely submission.
Form 162 is the annual statement required for non-resident entities maintaining a liaison office in India under the Income-tax Act, 2025, to be filed electronically once in each tax year within eight months from the end of the tax year. The filing requires particulars relating to the office's activities, approval details, employees, Indian counterparties, and audited financial information, along with a certified Annual Activity Certificate and valid PAN. The form cannot be submitted offline or edited after acknowledgment, and non-filing or delay may attract penalty, revocation of liaison office permission, and other assessment-related action.

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Corp. Laws / SEBI / IBC

Adani wins US court hearing in push to throw out SEC fraud suit

April 8, 2026

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New York, Apr 8 (PTI) A US judge granted a request from billionaire Gautam Adani to schedule a hearing in his effort to dismiss a US Securities and Exchange Commission fraud case, which he says lacks necessary jurisdiction as well as fails on multiple reasons.

This followed lawyers of Adani and his nephew, Sagar filing a plea seeking dismissal of the case.

"The court has received Defendants' letter requesting a pre-motion conference on their anticipated motion to dismiss the Complaint. The court GRANTS that request and DIRECTS the parties" to schedule the pre-motion conference, the Eastern District court of New York said in its order.

In the filing, ​the Adanis' lawyers said there was no credible evidence supporting ​the alleged bribery scheme.

The SEC, they said, lacked necessary jurisdiction over the two men and that the alleged misstatements underpinning the case weren't actionable.

The case brought by SEC in November 2024 alongside a criminal complaint by the US Department of Justice, alleges that the Adanis sought to pay over USD 250 million in bribes to Indian officials to secure solar energy contracts and concealed the scheme from US investors and banks when they raised funds.

The Adani Group has denied all allegations, stating that none of its entities or executives have been charged under the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and that Adani Green Energy - the renewable energy arm that raised the funds - is not a party to the proceedings.

While Gautam Adani chairs the Adani Group, Sagar Adani is executive director at Adani Green Energy.

The lawsuits had been stalled for over a year as the defendants, based in India, were not served notices. The group, which spans green energy, ports, realty, mining and news media, has continued to raise funds from global investors, including BlackRock, since the charges were filed.

The Brooklyn, New York court's decision to grant a hearing allows Adani to argue that the regulator's complaint should be thrown out at an early stage, potentially avoiding a protracted discovery process and trial.

In filings, Adani's legal team has argued that the case lacks sufficient jurisdictional basis and fails to establish actionable claims under US securities laws.

NO US JURISDICTION ------------------------ The Adanis argued that the court lacked personal jurisdiction, saying neither of them had sufficient contacts with the US or direct involvement in the bond offering.

The USD 750-million bond sale was conducted outside the United States under Rule 144A and Regulation S exemptions, with securities sold to non-US underwriters and only later resold in part to qualified institutional buyers, they said.

The plea stated that "in September 2021, Adani Green, which is not a US registrant, conducted a USD 750 million bond offering pursuant to SEC Rule 144A and SEC Regulation S, which are registration exemptions for private resales to qualified institutional buyers (QIBs) and for non-US sales, respectively".

"Adani Green sold all of the notes from the Offering outside the United States, via a Subscription Agreement, to non-US underwriters, who later resold the Notes to QIBs. A fraction of those resales -- in transactions to which Adani Green was not a party -- are alleged to have been made to 'investors in the United States'," it said.

The plea through the lawyers added that the complaint does not allege that Gautam Adani approved the issuance, attended key meetings, or directed any activity at US investors.

Stating that the SEC could not charge the two under the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, it instead recast its charges as a securities fraud case.

The filing states that the Adanis dispute that there is any credible evidence supporting the purported bribery scheme.

"Notably, the SEC does not allege that there were any investor losses, and there were none. The bonds have matured, and Adani Green repaid all principal and interest in full to investors in 2024," it added.

EXTRATERRITORIAL REACH CHALLENGED --------------------------------------------- The filing also contends the SEC's case is impermissibly extraterritorial, noting the securities were not listed in the United States, the issuer is Indian, and the alleged misconduct occurred entirely in India.

Citing US Supreme Court precedent, Adanis said the SEC failed to show any "domestic transaction", a requirement for applying US securities laws.

Under the sections invoked, the SEC must plausibly allege a "domestic transaction" and it must plead that "irrevocable liability was incurred or title was transferred within the United States".

The SEC charges against Adanis say nothing about where irrevocable liability was incurred, the plea said, adding that the mere fact, taken as true, that some downstream investors were located in the US is irrelevant to the case.

"The SEC's claims here solely involve Indian Defendants, an Indian issuer, securities not registered with the SEC and not traded on any US exchange, and underlying conduct alleged to have occurred exclusively in India," it said. "This case is thus conclusively beyond the reach of the US securities laws." NO INVESTOR LOSSES ------------------------- The defendants said the SEC does not allege any investor losses, adding that the bonds matured and were fully repaid with interest in 2024.

They also disputed the underlying bribery allegations, saying there is no credible evidence supporting such claims.

"The alleged bribery scheme relates to a solar energy project in India for the provision of renewable power in India. There is no allegation that any US company bid on the project, or that any US customer purchased energy in the project. In fact, there was no such US involvement," the plea said.

'PUFFERY' DEFENCE ---------------------- The filing argues that statements cited by the SEC -- relating to ESG commitments, anti-corruption practices, and corporate reputation -- amount to non-actionable "puffery", or general corporate optimism that investors cannot reasonably rely on.

It further said the SEC failed to link either defendant to specific misleading statements or demonstrate intent to defraud.

The defendants are seeking dismissal of the case in full and said they are prepared to appear for a pre-motion conference if required.

Adanis argued that the court lacks personal jurisdiction, saying neither had sufficient contacts with the US or direct involvement in the bond offering.

"The complaint contains no plausible allegation that Gautam Adani was involved in drafting, reviewing, or approving any document containing any alleged misstatement. Indeed, the SEC does not allege that Gautam Adani even knew these statements were being made," the plea said. "Because there are no allegations tying him to any alleged misstatement, the SEC's claims against Gautam Adani fail as a matter of law." The allegations against Sagar Adani are also deficient. "Even if 'multiple drafts' of the Offering Circular 'were provided to [him]', these allegations do not tie him to specific misstatements, much less show that he had 'ultimate authority' over their content," it said.

The SEC also fails to adequately plead that defendants acted with the requisite intent. "The SEC makes no plausible allegation that Defendants acted with knowledge or recklessness," it said.

The defendants intend to move to dismiss the SEC's complaint by April 30, 2026 and, as part of this process, have on April 7, 2026 submitted a letter with the EDNY (Eastern District New York) judge informing the court that the defendants are prepared to attend a pre-motion conference should the court wish to schedule one.

The filing of this letter is a standard procedural step in the legal process for the handling of such matters in accordance with the procedural rules prescribed by the EDNY judge.

In the letter, the defendants have briefly set out their grounds for dismissal of SEC's complaint, including that (i) the court concerned lacks personal jurisdiction over the defendants and the claims against them, (ii) the SEC's claims are impermissibly extraterritorial, (iii) the alleged misstatements by the defendants are too vague and general for any reasonable investor to rely upon as a guarantee of any concrete fact or outcome, making them inactionable, and (iii) the defendants' lack of involvement in the transaction bars the SEC's claims against them.

Gautam Adani is represented by Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, while Sagar Adani's counsel is Nixon Peabody LLP and Hecker Fink LLP.

SEC's CHARGES AGAINST ADANI ------------------------------------ The SEC has alleged that Gautam Adani, Sagar Adani and others orchestrated a USD 250 million-plus bribery scheme between 2020 and 2024 to secure solar energy contracts in India.

Their plea (termed as letter in US legal system) pointed out that SEC does not allege that there were any investor losses as there were none. The bonds have matured and all interest payments were made on time.

The court lacks personal jurisdiction over defendants and the claims against them should be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(2), the letter cited.

The SEC must plead that defendants had sufficient "minimum contacts" with the US and that the claims against them arose out of those activities, the letter pointed out. With respect to Gautam Adani, the SEC does not come close, the lawyers added.

The claims, according to the lawyers, "involve Indian Defendants, an Indian issuer, securities not registered with the SEC and not traded on US exchanges, and underlying conduct alleged to have occurred exclusively in India".

The SEC has not alleged underwriters who purchased the bonds from AGEL were US institutions as they weren't, or that the subscription agreement underlying the purchases was governed by US law as it wasn't.

"This case is thus conclusively beyond the reach of the US securities laws," the lawyers said.

The SEC has also failed to tie Sagar Adani to a single allegedly false or misleading statement, much less one directed at US investors, the letter added. PTI ANZ ANZ ANU ANU

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