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March 26, 2026
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DTAA self-declaration for non-residents enables treaty tax benefits through electronic filing and residency verification.
Form 41 is a self-declaration for non-resident taxpayers seeking Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement benefits on income from India. It is filed once in a tax year, requires a valid Tax Residency Certificate and Tax Identification Number, and is submitted electronically through the income-tax e-filing portal. Treaty benefits depend on valid filing, supported by the required documents and electronic verification.
March 26, 2026
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DTAA compliance through Form 41 governs non-resident tax relief, online filing, and supporting residency documentation requirements.
Form 41 is a self-declaration under section 159(8) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 for non-resident taxpayers seeking DTAA benefits with India. It is mandatory, filed annually through the Income Tax e-filing portal, and requires a valid Tax Residency Certificate and tax identification number. The form cannot be edited after submission, no proof of tax payment is required, and the DTAA benefit is unavailable without a valid electronically filed form and supporting documents.
March 26, 2026
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Tax deferral for foreign retirement accounts through Form 40 applies to resident Indians with irrevocable relief option.
Form 40 is the prescribed electronic form for a resident Indian to exercise the option under Section 159 of the Income Tax Act, 2025, read with Rule 74, to claim tax relief in respect of income accrued in a foreign retirement account maintained in a notified country. The option is intended to prevent double taxation by deferring taxation in India until withdrawal or redemption of the income in the foreign country. The option may be exercised only once, is irrevocable, and applies to all future years and all specified accounts.
March 26, 2026
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Startup ecosystem support gains momentum through industry mentorship, innovation challenges, and market access for emerging technology startups.
Startup ecosystem support is being advanced through a Memorandum of Understanding between DPIIT and a digital entertainment company to promote product startups in digital entertainment, online gaming, esports, interactive media, and AI-driven technologies. The collaboration is intended to provide structured industry engagement, mentorship, knowledge exchange, curated opportunities, Proof-of-Concept development, market access, and integration into industry ecosystems wherever feasible. It also contemplates innovation challenges, hackathons, workshops, masterclasses, pilot collaborations, and outreach through Startup India programmes.
March 26, 2026
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Corporate law and management programme launches as a two-year residential LL.M. with integrated regulatory and compliance training.
IICA and NLUJAA, Assam have jointly launched a two-year, full-time residential LL.M. programme in Corporate Law and Management. The course is designed to integrate legal education with managerial and compliance-oriented perspectives, and to strengthen professional competencies in corporate law, governance and regulatory frameworks through academic engagement linked to the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. The programme carries 54 credits across four semesters, with the first year at NLUJAA and the second year at the IICA Campus, IMT Manesar.
March 26, 2026
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Tax relief for foreign retirement accounts requires valid Form 40 filing, online verification, and timely self-declaration.
Form 40 is the prescribed electronic form for a resident Indian to exercise the option for relief under section 158 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 in respect of income from a retirement benefit account maintained in a notified country. Valid filing within the prescribed due date is mandatory for an admissible claim, the option once exercised applies for the tax year and subsequent years, and the form cannot be edited after submission. The filing requires self-declaration, PAN, online verification, and supporting documents showing the foreign tax treatment and income computations.
March 26, 2026
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Relief for additional salary and lump-sum receipts is streamlined through Form 39's electronic filing and self-computation system.
Form 39 is the prescribed electronic form for claiming relief under section 157(1) of the Income Tax Act, 2025 in cases involving additional salary or family pension received in arrears or in advance, gratuity, retrenchment compensation, commutation of pension, and similar lump-sum receipts. The form is filed on the e-filing portal, supports self-computation of admissible relief under Rule 73, and may be used for TDS purposes. The revised form includes basic details, receipt-specific computation columns, auto-populated summary fields, supporting document requirements, and electronic verification.
March 26, 2026
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Relief under section 157(1) through Form 39 requires electronic filing, PAN, and complete particulars for qualifying lump-sum receipts.
Relief under section 157(1) is claimed through Form 39 by an employee receiving additional salary, family pension, gratuity, retrenchment compensation, commutation of pension, or similar lump-sum receipts that may increase the tax burden in the year of receipt. The form may also be furnished to the tax-deductor for TDS purposes. It must be filed electronically, cannot be filed offline, requires a valid PAN, contains separate sections for different receipts, and cannot be edited after verification and acknowledgment.
March 26, 2026
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Foreign inward remittance certificate supports royalty deduction claims for resident authors and patentees through bank-certified Form 38 filing.
Form 38 is the prescribed certificate for foreign inward remittance and is filed with the return of income to support a royalty deduction claim under the Income-tax Act, 2025. It applies to an individual resident in India who is an author or patentee deriving specified royalty income. The form is certified by the bank manager of the receiving bank, requires supporting remittance and verification documents, and is submitted through details of payer, payee, payment, and electronic verification.
March 26, 2026
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Foreign royalty deduction requires Form 38, bank certification, and proof that remittance reached India within the prescribed period.
Form 38 is the prescribed statement to be filed with the return of income for claiming deduction in respect of foreign inward remittance from royalty income. It applies to an individual resident in India who is an author or patentee, must be certified by the receiving bank manager, and serves to evidence that the foreign royalty was brought into India within the prescribed period. The deduction is subject to the stated monetary ceiling for the financial year.
March 26, 2026
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Royalty income deduction for patentees hinges on Form 37, electronic filing, patent certification, and foreign remittance conditions.
Form 37 is the prescribed certificate for claiming deduction in respect of royalty income received by a resident individual patentee under the Income Tax Act, 2025. The form requires completion of patentee details, patent particulars, royalty agreement information, royalty received, foreign remittance data, and deduction claimed. Part A is verified by the patentee and Part B is certified by the Controller of Patents. It is filed electronically with supporting documents such as the royalty agreement, bank statement, foreign inward remittance certificate, and RBI approval where applicable.
March 26, 2026
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Patent royalty deduction compliance requires valid Form 37, electronic filing, mandatory PAN, and certification by the Controller of Patents.
Form 37 is the prescribed certificate for a resident individual patentee claiming deduction for royalty income under section 152(5) of the Income-tax Act, 2025. The patentee must self-declare the royalty details in Part B, while the Controller of Patents must certify the patent registration and related particulars in Part C. The form must be filed electronically on the e-filing portal within the prescribed due date, cannot be filed offline, and once validly submitted it cannot be edited. PAN of the patentee is mandatory, no attachment is required, and royalty amounts received in foreign currency must be stated in Indian rupees.
March 26, 2026
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Royalty income deduction claims require Form 36, with author declaration, publisher certification, and foreign remittance details.
Form 36 is the prescribed electronic certificate for claiming deduction under section 151(5) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 in respect of royalty income or similar consideration received by an author for publication of a book. It requires disclosure of the author, the book, the payer, royalty receipts, foreign remittance details, and the deduction claimed, along with taxpayer declaration and publisher certification. Supporting documents include the author-publisher agreement, royalty statements, bank records, and ISBN or publication proof.
March 26, 2026
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Royalty income deduction certificate requires timely electronic filing by authors, with mandatory PAN, self-declaration, and publisher certification.
Form 36 is the prescribed certificate for claiming deduction under section 151(5) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 by authors of scientific, literary or artistic books who receive royalty income, copyright fees, lump-sum consideration, or similar income. The form must be filed electronically by the author, with self-declaration and publisher certification, on or before the applicable due date, and valid filing is a mandatory condition for an admissible deduction claim. The form cannot be edited after submission, offline filing is not permitted, and the author's PAN and deduction amount claimed are mandatory fields.
March 26, 2026
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Deduction claims for offshore banking and IFSC units require accountant-certified Form 35 with income, expense and permission details.
Form 35 is the accountant's report to be furnished with the return of income for assessees claiming deduction on income from Offshore Banking Units in Special Economic Zones or units of an International Financial Services Centre. It applies to scheduled or foreign banks having such a unit, and requires verification by a chartered accountant. The form covers basic assessee details, unit particulars, permission documents, prior deduction claims, and income, expense and deduction figures, with e-verification through the chartered accountant's digital signature certificate.
March 26, 2026
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Deduction claims for offshore banking units require Form 35, accountant verification, and filing with the return of income.
Form 35 is the accountant's report to be filed with the return of income by assessees claiming deduction on income from Offshore Banking Units in Special Economic Zones or units of an International Financial Services Centre. It must be verified by a chartered accountant and filed by the return due date. The form captures unit particulars, permissions, income, expenses, net income and previous claims, and requires e-verification with the chartered accountant's digital signature certificate.
March 26, 2026
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Additional employee cost deduction guidance for audited assessees filing Form 34 with Chartered Accountant verification.
Form 34 is the prescribed report to be filed with the return of income by audited assessees claiming deduction for additional employee cost under section 146 of the Income-tax Act, 2025. It is verified by a Chartered Accountant and filed under Rule 68. The deduction is stated to be 30% of the additional employee cost for three tax years, and the form applies to assessees earning business or professional income who are liable to audit under section 44AB and satisfy the payment conditions for employee emoluments through permitted banking or electronic modes.
March 26, 2026
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Marine insurance loss and abandonment claims explained through partial loss, total loss and claim documentation requirements.
Marine insurance distinguishes partial loss from total loss, including particular average loss, general average loss, actual total loss and constructive total loss. Abandonment allows the insured to relinquish rights in damaged or lost cargo or vessel to the insurer and claim the insured value when recovery or repair is not commercially viable. The claim process depends on prompt notice, formal relinquishment, supporting documents, surveyor assessment and verification under the policy terms.
March 26, 2026
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Additional employee cost deduction through Form 34 depends on audit, eligibility conditions, and prescribed payment modes.
Deduction for additional employee cost is claimed through Form 34, which audited assessees must file with the return of income and have verified by a Chartered Accountant. The form applies to business or professional assessees liable to audit and supports a deduction of 30% of additional employee cost for three consecutive tax years. Additional employees are subject to eligibility conditions, and emoluments exclude employer pension or provident fund contributions and terminal lump-sum payments.
March 26, 2026
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SEZ deduction claim documentation requires Form 33, reserve account details and plant acquisition particulars for verification.
Form 33 is the prescribed statement for an assessee claiming deduction in respect of profits and gains derived by newly established units in SEZ under section 144 of the Income-tax Act, 2025. It is to be furnished along with the return of income and verified by the proprietor, partner or director. The form captures particulars of the assessee, the unit, the SEZ Reinvestment Allowance Reserve Account, withdrawals from the reserve, and details of plant or machinery purchased from withdrawn amounts, together with verification and e-verification requirements.

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Corp. Laws / SEBI / IBC

SBI-led secured lenders move SC for claims from Rs 5,100 cr deposited by Sterling Biotech

March 18, 2026

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New Delhi, Mar 18 (PTI) A consortium of secured lenders including banks of Sterling Biotech Ltd of promoters Chetan and Nitin Sandesara has moved the Supreme Court for disbursal of their claim amounts from Rs 5,100 crore deposited in the apex court registry while highlighting their total outstanding against the Group companies was at Rs 19,283.77 crore.

A bench of Justices J K Maheshwari and A S Chandurkar, which on Monday took on record the joint application filed by the consortium led by the State Bank of India and while asking it to be served to Solicitor General Tushar Mehta, listed the matter for further hearing on March 23.

The banks placed on record a consolidated computation of claims across multiple Group entities and setting out the methodology adopted for the distribution of the amount.

"The applicants are the Secured Lenders of M/s. Sterling Biotech Ltd. and its Group Companies and are jointly filing the present application seeking directions for disbursal of their respective claim amounts, which stand deposited with the Registry of this court by the petitioners, in terms of the order/directions dated November 19, 2025 passed by this court," it said.

The application stated that the claims relate to exposures across 10 companies of the Sterling group, including Sterling Biotech Ltd, Sterling Oil Resources Ltd, Sterling SEZ Ltd and other domestic and overseas entities.

The lenders further stated that the claims were consolidated following a series of joint meetings, where a uniform formula was agreed upon for calculating total dues and apportioning the deposited amount.

"That joint meetings were held between the secured lender banks regarding the distribution of the claims. On January 29, 2026, in the meeting held between the secured lender banks of the group companies, it was decided to finalise the manner of submitting claims and the process of distribution of the amount of Rs 5,100 crore to the respective Secured Lender Banks on a proportionate basis in reference to the amount due to them…," it said.

According to the application, the lenders decided to aggregate all domestic and foreign currency exposures, convert foreign loans into rupees at a fixed exchange rate of Rs 63 per US dollar — reflecting the average rate in 2015 when most accounts turned non-performing — and apply a uniform interest rate of nine per cent per annum from the date of NPA, with annual rests.

Amounts already recovered through insolvency proceedings were adjusted before arriving at the final outstanding figure.

The banks further told the court that after applying this methodology, the total admitted dues across all accounts were computed at Rs 19,283.77 crore, and the Rs 5,100 crore deposited pursuant to the court's earlier order is proposed to be distributed proportionately based on each lender's share in the total dues.

Giving an example, the application stated that if the total dues of all the accounts of group companies are Rs 10,000 crore with all the banks and one company has Rs 1,000 crore dues, then this company will get a 10 per cent share in Rs 5,100 crore.

The application includes a detailed chart of individual bank exposures and their corresponding share in the distribution pool.

According to the figures placed before the court, the SBI has claimed Rs 2,664.72 crore and is set to receive Rs 695.03 crore, while UCO Bank has claimed Rs 2,980.10 crore and is to receive Rs 777.28 crore.

Further, Union Bank of India's dues of Rs 2,499.64 crore correspond to a proposed recovery of Rs 651.97 crore, and Bank of India's claim of Rs 2,235.65 crore translates to Rs 583.11 crore from the deposit.

Among other lenders, Punjab National Bank has claimed Rs 1,988.04 crore and is to receive Rs 518.53 crore, Indian Bank Rs 1,750.40 crore with a proposed share of Rs 456.55 crore, and Bank of Baroda Rs 1,581.98 crore with a corresponding allocation of Rs 482.92 crore. Indian Overseas Bank, which has computed its dues at Rs 1,257.36 crore, is set to receive Rs 327.95 crore. A similar formula was adopted for smaller exposure of funds by banks.

The banks told the bench, "It is reiterated that the aforesaid process and the methodology of distribution and the respective share of each secured lender bank have been arrived at with the consensus of the secured lenders. All the Secured lenders of SBL Group of Companies as mentioned… have accepted the said share." The application, however, states that a few lenders are yet to formally confirm their acceptance, although their dues have been computed on the same basis.

The consortium has sought the court's approval to disburse the Rs 5,100 crore in accordance with this agreed formula, with payments to be made to the respective bank accounts as detailed in the application.

On November 19 last year, the top court accepted a settlement proposal under which the Sandesara brothers agreed to deposit Rs 5,100 crore as a full and final settlement of claims arising from these proceedings.

The amount was subsequently deposited in the court registry in December 2025, following which the court gave effect to its earlier order for quashing of proceedings.

The legal dispute arose from a batch of petitions filed by the Sandesara brothers seeking quashing of multiple proceedings, including FIRs registered by the CBI, ED, cases registered under the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, the Companies Act and the Black Money Act. PTI MNL SJK MNL KSS KSS

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