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March 25, 2026
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Form No. 17 approval applications require detailed disclosures, electronic filing, and ongoing compliance for research-related tax recognition.
Form No. 17 is the prescribed electronic application for approval under section 45(3)(b) for a company and section 45(4)(b) for a research association, university, college or other institution. The form requires disclosure of incorporation details, key persons, beneficial owners, registrations, research facilities, research projects, income and expenditure, together with prescribed enclosures and declarations. Approval remains subject to maintenance of books, audit and reporting obligations, compliance with conditions of approval, and the possibility of withdrawal if activities cease, become non-genuine, or are not carried out as required.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research donation certificates streamline deduction verification through annual donor-wise reporting, Form 16 linkage, and corrected issuance.
Form 16 serves as the annual donor-wise certificate for contributions made to prescribed institutions for scientific research and is used to support verification of deductions claimed under the Income-tax Act, 2025. The certificate records aggregate donations received during the tax year, is not a receipt for individual transactions, and operates separately from transaction-level acknowledgments issued by the institution. It is linked to Form 15, must be issued once in each tax year on or before 31 May, and may be corrected if errors are found.
March 25, 2026
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Finance Bill 2026 advances budgetary approval as Lok Sabha passes the measure with government amendments.
Lok Sabha passed the Finance Bill 2026 with 32 government amendments, completing its role in the Budgetary approval process for 2026-27 and sending the Bill to the Rajya Sabha for further consideration. The Budget framework for 2026-27 provides for substantial expenditure and capital outlay, along with projected gross tax revenue, gross borrowing, and a lower fiscal deficit than the current fiscal year.
March 25, 2026
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Annual donor certificate for scientific research requires electronic FORM 16, separate from receipts and subject to deduction conditions.
Prescribed undertakings or institutions covered by section 45(3) must issue FORM 16 as an annual certificate to donors for sums received for scientific research. The certificate is issued once for the relevant tax year, on or before 31 May immediately following that year, and records the aggregate donation, donor particulars, the institution's approval details, and the relevant clause of section 45(3). FORM 16 is distinct from FORM 15, may be corrected or revised, and does not by itself guarantee deduction to the donor.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research donation reporting under Form 15 requires annual filing, donor-wise particulars, and cross-verification of deductions.
Form 15 is a statutory annual information statement for prescribed undertakings or institutions receiving sums for scientific research, social science research or statistical research under the Income-tax Act, 2025. It must be furnished annually by the recipient institution and verified by the person authorised to verify its return of income, on or before 31st May following the relevant tax year. The form captures donor-wise and donation-wise particulars and serves as a primary data source for cross-verification of deductions claimed by donors, without itself conferring any deduction.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research donation reporting under FORM 15 requires annual electronic furnishing by the recipient institution.
FORM 15 is a prescribed annual statement to be furnished by a prescribed undertaking or institution in respect of sums received for scientific research during a tax year. It applies to eligible sums received for scientific, social science or statistical research, and not to charitable donations. The obligation lies with the recipient institution, the statement is to be furnished annually on or before 31st May, and it must include donor-wise particulars, approval details, and receipt information. Non-furnishing or incorrect furnishing may affect the donor's deduction and attract statutory consequences.
March 25, 2026
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In-house R&D approval under Form 14 conditions tax deduction eligibility and links scientific recognition with compliance oversight.
Proposed Form 14 is the statutory approval order for an in-house research and development facility under section 45(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025. Issued by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research under Rule 29, it records the company's particulars, the facility details, DSIR recognition, and the grant of approval for the deduction framework. The approval is facility-specific, depends on continued DSIR recognition, and does not by itself establish deduction entitlement.
March 25, 2026
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In-house research and development approval governs deduction claims subject to DSIR recognition and statutory compliance.
FORM 14 is the prescribed approval order issued by DSIR for a company's in-house research and development facility under section 45(2) read with Rule 29. It formally grants approval, records the scientific research to be undertaken, links the approval with DSIR recognition and the company's application, and supports a deduction claim subject to compliance with statutory conditions. The form is facility-specific, not a filing form, and may be withdrawn for non-compliance or withdrawal of DSIR recognition.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research and development audit reporting supports deduction claims through mandatory independent certification and account verification.
Proposed FORM 13 is the annual statutory audit report for an approved in-house scientific research and development facility under section 45(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025. It is furnished by the company through an independent accountant and provides independent assurance on maintenance of separate accounts, correctness of capital and revenue expenditure, conformity with DSIR guidelines, and linkage with audited financial statements. FORM 13 is a mandatory supporting document for deduction claims and operates with FORM 11, FORM 14 and FORM 12 in the compliance framework.
March 25, 2026
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In-house R&D audit report defines compliance for deduction claims through separate accounts and certified expenditure.
FORM 13 is the accountant's annual audit report for an approved in-house scientific research and development facility claimed under section 45(2). It certifies maintenance of separate accounts, correctness of expenditure, and conformity with DSIR guidelines, and must be attached with or furnished in support of the company's return of income. The form is a mandatory compliance requirement, but deduction remains subject to verification and assessment.
March 25, 2026
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Research and development deduction reporting through Form 12 supports technical certification, expenditure verification, and compliance oversight.
Proposed Form 12 is the statutory reporting form through which the prescribed authority, acting under Rule 29, submits findings and certification regarding an approved in-house research and development facility to the jurisdictional Chief Commissioner of Income-tax. It operates within the compliance framework for deduction of expenditure on approved in-house R&D facilities under section 45(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 and records evaluation details, eligible expenditure and asset movements for verification of deduction claims.
March 25, 2026
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Research and development deduction reporting through FORM 12 supports verification of eligible expenditure and compliance oversight.
FORM 12 is a statutory report furnished by the prescribed authority under section 45(2) read with Rule 29 for an approved in-house research and development facility. It is filed with the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and records the facility's examination, recognition status, and eligible capital and revenue expenditure for verifying deduction claims. The form is not filed by the company and does not itself determine final allowability of deduction, which remains subject to departmental verification during processing or assessment.
March 25, 2026
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In-house R&D facility approval framework under income tax law requires DSIR cooperation, audit compliance, and ongoing reporting.
FORM 11 sets out the statutory application and agreement framework for approval of in-house research and development facilities under section 45(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025, read with Rule 29. It applies to eligible companies maintaining or proposing to maintain an in-house R&D facility and requires disclosure of company particulars, a DSIR agreement, and binding undertakings on audit, reporting, asset use, and compliance. Approval is facility-specific and remains subject to continued compliance, with DSIR serving as the prescribed authority for evaluation and oversight.
March 25, 2026
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In-house research and development approval requires disclosure, audit, and ongoing compliance before deduction can be considered.
Form 11 is the prescribed application under Rule 29 for a company seeking to enter into an agreement with the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research for an in-house research and development facility under section 45(2). It requires disclosure of company particulars, R&D expenditure, facility details, research objectives, and undertakings on maintenance and audit of accounts. The form is generally a one-time approval application, but annual compliance continues through progress reports, audited accounts, and expenditure details. Approval does not itself secure deduction, which depends on statutory conditions, the agreement, and verification.
March 25, 2026
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Statutory reporting for approved scientific research programmes under FORM 10 strengthens tax oversight and compliance monitoring.
Proposed FORM 10 is the statutory reporting form furnished by the prescribed authority to the Income-tax Department for approved scientific research programmes under section 45(3)(c) of the Income-tax Act, 2025. It functions as the oversight stage after FORM 7 and FORM 8, linking approvals with departmental monitoring of payments, utilisation and deduction claims. The form is furnished electronically to the jurisdictional Chief Commissioner within the prescribed time and records the essential particulars of the approved programme, while not conferring any entitlement on the sponsor or replacing the approval order.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research programme approval reporting under tax law supports compliance monitoring, deduction verification, and administrative recordkeeping.
FORM 10 is a statutory report furnished by the prescribed authority in relation to a scientific research programme approved under section 45(3)(c) read with Rule 30. It is a post-approval monitoring instrument, furnished to the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax having jurisdiction over the sponsor within the prescribed time. The form records approval details, programme particulars, conditions of approval, and supports administrative monitoring, compliance verification, and cross-checking of deduction claims. It does not alter or substitute the approval granted under FORM 8.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research deduction claims depend on programme-specific Form 9 receipts, approval linkage, and statutory compliance requirements.
Form 9 is a statutory receipt for payments made towards an approved scientific research programme and links the payment stage with the approval granted in Form 8 and the sponsor's deduction claim under section 45(3)(c) of the Income-tax Act, 2025. It is issued by the designated executing institution, records sponsor details, payment particulars, programme information, approved cost, tax years and cumulative receipts, and is programme-specific. The receipt supports but does not itself establish entitlement to deduction, which remains subject to statutory compliance and verification.
March 25, 2026
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Form 9 receipt for approved scientific research payments supports deduction claims and compliance tracking.
Form 9 is the prescribed receipt for payments received towards an approved scientific research programme under section 45(3)(c) read with Rule 30. It is issued to the sponsor by the executing institution, records the payment against the approved programme in FORM 8, and supports the sponsor's deduction claim subject to compliance with the Act and Rules. The form is programme-specific, may be issued for each payment or tranche including advance payments, and captures the sponsor details, payment particulars, approved cost, approved tax years, and cumulative receipts. It is not filed with the tax department but retained as supporting evidence.
March 25, 2026
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Scientific research programme approval under tax law requires Form 8, with defined scope, cost, compliance and monitoring conditions.
Form 8 is the statutory approval order for a scientific research programme under section 45(3)(c) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Rule 30. It is issued after examination of a sponsor's Form 7 application, records the approved scope, duration, cost, tax years and conditions of the programme, and is signed by the designated authority. The approval is programme-specific, cost-specific and time-bound, while post-approval compliance includes separate books, audit, reporting, asset restrictions and final completion reporting.
March 25, 2026
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Energy Star ratings shape window air conditioner pricing by raising upfront cost while lowering electricity bills and maintenance.
Energy Star ratings for window air conditioners reflect Bureau of Energy Efficiency standards and indicate how much cooling an AC delivers per unit of electricity consumed. Higher-rated units generally cost more upfront because they use advanced components, smarter controls, and more efficient motors and compressors, but they can lower electricity bills, reduce maintenance, and extend service life. Choosing the right star rating depends on usage patterns, room size, budget, and local electricity tariffs, with energy efficiency affecting both purchase price and long-term ownership cost.

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NXT Conclave 2026: PM Modi Unveils India’s Energy Strategy

March 13, 2026

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New Delhi [India], March 13: Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday used the platform of the NXT Conclave at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, to address the ripple effects of the ongoing Iran war and the resulting global energy crisis, saying the conflict has disrupted supply chains worldwide and affected every country to varying degrees. Speaking at the summit, the Prime Minister outlined how India is navigating the turbulence in global energy markets while simultaneously pushing a long-term strategy of expanding domestic energy infrastructure and reducing dependence on foreign fuel supplies.

He said the government is in constant touch with world leaders and is working at multiple levels to manage disruptions caused by the war-driven energy shock.

“No country is untouched by the impact of this global crisis caused by war. To a greater or lesser extent, everyone is affected by this crisis,” the Prime Minister said, adding that India is making continuous efforts to overcome supply-chain disruptions and safeguard domestic energy availability.

PM Modi Unveils India's Energy Strategy At NXT Conclave Addressing the iTV Network’s NXT Conclave at Bharat Mandapam, the Prime Minister said India is pursuing a two-pronged strategy, expanding domestic energy infrastructure while pushing for self-reliance to reduce dependence on foreign sources.

PM Modi explained that the government’s energy policy is built around two key pillars: expanding infrastructure to improve energy access and strengthening domestic capabilities to reduce reliance on imports.

“First, to increase energy access in the country, we build infrastructure. Second, we do not have to rely solely on foreign sources for energy. For this, we emphasised self-reliance in the energy sector,” he said.

His remarks came against the backdrop of rising concerns around LPG supply, global war-driven energy disruptions, and economic uncertainty.

NXT Conclave 2026: PM Modi’s First Remarks On Global Energy Crisis Amid Iran War, Unveils India’s Energy Strategy - What PM Said About Resilient Economy, LPG Panic & Black Marketing PM Modi On People Creating Panic Over LPG Availability The Prime Minister addressed the ongoing debate around liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) availability, urging responsible public discourse during a period of global uncertainty. PM Modi also took aim at the Opposition, accusing political rivals of attempting to create unnecessary panic over LPG supply concerns at a time when global conflicts have already strained energy markets. He assured that the government is actively addressing supply-chain challenges.

“There’s a lot of discussion these days about LPG. Some people are trying to create panic and pursue their own agenda,” he said, without naming political parties.

PM Modi said he did not want to comment politically but warned that attempts to spread panic could harm the country during a sensitive period marked by global instability.

How India Has Strengthened Its Strategic Reserves, PM Modi Reveals At NXT Summit 2026 Highlighting capacity expansion in the petroleum sector, the Prime Minister said India has significantly strengthened its strategic reserves.

“Prior to 2014, India’s strategic petroleum reserves, crude oil stored for use during times of crisis, were minimal. Today, we have established over 50 lakh tonnes of strategic petroleum reserves,” he said.

He also noted a sharp rise in household LPG access and natural gas infrastructure.

LPG connections have increased from 14 crore in 2014 to over 33 crore today.

LNG terminals in the country have doubled during the same period.

Expansion Of Gas Infrastructure, Massive Investments By Modi Government The Prime Minister said the government has made major investments in expanding the gas ecosystem across India.

He highlighted that the gas pipeline network has expanded from around 3,500 kilometres to 10,000 kilometres, significantly strengthening the supply chain. Import terminal capacity at major ports has also been increased to manage the 60% of LPG that India imports.

The expansion has been accompanied by wider urban gas coverage.

According to the Prime Minister: Piped Natural Gas (PNG) connections have increased from 25–26 lakh households before 2014 to more than 1.25 crore today.

The number of CNG-powered vehicles has grown from under 10 lakh to more than 70 lakh.

He credited this progress to the City Gas Distribution network, which has been expanded across more than 600 districts over the past decade.

How Ethanol Blending Has Reduced India's Oil Imports PM Modi said India’s push for ethanol blending and biofuels is a key strategy to reduce petroleum dependence.

He noted that blending levels have increased from around 1–1.5% before 2014 to nearly 20% today.

According to the Prime Minister, the initiative has significantly reduced oil imports.

India has avoided purchasing 18 crore barrels of oil over the past 11 years.

The country currently reduces oil imports by about 4.5 crore barrels annually.

“The country has saved about ₹1.5 lakh crore from ethanol blending alone,” he said.

How India's Renewable Energy Has Seen Rapid Growth, PM Modi Shares The Progress At NXT Summit 2026 The Prime Minister also highlighted progress in renewable energy and railway electrification, calling them key drivers of fuel savings and sustainability.

He noted that while only 20% of the railway network was electrified by 2014, nearly the entire broad-gauge network is now electrified.

This transition helped Indian Railways save around 180 crore litres of diesel in 2024–25, reducing the need for crude oil imports.

India’s renewable energy capacity has also seen rapid growth.

Total renewable capacity has crossed 250 gigawatts.

Solar power capacity has surged from 2 GW in 2014 to about 130 GW today.

The Prime Minister also highlighted the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, which has enabled 30 lakh families to install rooftop solar systems.

“Our total renewable capacity today has crossed the historic figure of 250 gigawatts and half of our installed power generation capacity now comes from renewable sources,” he said.

PM Modi On Bio-Gas And Strategic Petroleum Reserves PM Modi said India is also expanding its waste-to-energy ecosystem through the GOBARdhan scheme.

More than 100 Compressed Bio-Gas plants are currently operational, with 600 more under development.

He added that India has also strengthened its refining and storage capabilities.

Strategic petroleum reserves now exceed 50 lakh tonnes.

Refining capacity has increased by more than 40 million tonnes over the past decade.

The Prime Minister said these structural changes will help India withstand the impact of global energy shocks.

“We will certainly be able to face the crisis created by this war and continue our work to make India self-reliant on a massive scale,” he said.

PM Modi Calls For Unity Amid Global Conflicts The Prime Minister noted that the current global conflict near India’s region has triggered an energy crisis affecting countries worldwide.

He described the situation as a test of national resilience and called for collective responsibility from political parties, the media and industry.

Recalling the unified national response during the COVID-19 pandemic, PM Modi said similar cooperation is needed to tackle current challenges.

“We must make collective efforts and perform our duties by keeping the national interest supreme,” he said.

The Prime Minister cited the Russia-Ukraine conflict as an example of how the government has previously shielded citizens from global price shocks.

During the crisis, international fertiliser prices surged dramatically. Despite this, the government ensured farmers continued receiving a bag of urea at ₹300, even though the global price reached ₹3,000 per bag.

“This time too, our every possible effort will be to ensure that the war has the minimum possible impact on the lives of the country’s farmers and citizens,” he said.

PM Modi Calls States To Prevent Black Marketing Of LPG The Prime Minister also urged state governments to maintain strict vigilance against black marketing and misinformation around round LPG availability Prime Minister said some people are spreading fear regarding LPG for their own agenda and that such behaviour exposes them before the public while damaging national interests.

He said authorities must closely monitor markets to prevent artificial shortages and price manipulation.

“It is essential that serious monitoring of the situation is conducted and strict action is taken against those engaging in black marketing,” he said.

‘Viksit Bharat’ Vision And India’s Global Role During his address at the NXT event, PM Modi also drew parallels between the historic Dandi March of 1930 and India’s modern-day development journey.

Marking the anniversary of the march, he said the freedom movement once united the country and the same spirit now drives the mission of building a “Viksit Bharat” (Developed India).

“Nearly 100 years after that historic journey, we Indians have set out on a new journey once again for a Viksit Bharat,” he said.

The Prime Minister also pointed to growing global confidence in India’s economic future.

He said leaders and experts across the world increasingly see India as a major driver of the emerging global order.

Citing international voices, PM Modi said Finland President Alexander Stubb recently noted that the direction of the world will increasingly be shaped by the Global South, while Canada’s Mark Carney has described India as the centre toward which global economic gravity will shift over the coming decades.

He also said French President Emmanuel Macron sees India as a crucial partner in solving global challenges.

“If you want to be part of the future, you must be associated with India and you must be in India,” the Prime Minister said.

‘Next Level’ India: Reforms And Digital Transformation The Prime Minister said India has moved beyond incremental progress and is now entering what he described as a “next level” phase of development.

He highlighted the rapid expansion of digital payments through UPI, which has made India the global leader in real-time digital transactions.

“Today, India has become the country with the fastest real-time digital payments in the world,” he said.

PM Modi also pointed to several structural reforms and initiatives, including: The abrogation of Article 370 Opening bank accounts for over 50 crore citizens through Jan Dhan The law providing 33% reservation for women in legislatures India has also launched major technology missions, including those focused on space exploration, semiconductors and quantum computing.

“Moon Mission, Semiconductor Mission and Quantum Mission are taking India toward the next frontier of technology,” he said.

Governance And Internal Security Gains The Prime Minister said the last decade has focused on inclusive governance, particularly targeting previously neglected regions.

Through initiatives such as the Aspirational District Programme and PM JANMAN, the government has expanded access to housing, healthcare and education in remote areas.

He also pointed to improvements in internal security.

According to PM Modi: Districts affected by Maoist violence have fallen from more than 180 in 2013 to single digits today.

Over 2,100 Naxals have surrendered in the past year.

More than 300 hardcore militants have been neutralised He said development has begun returning to previously conflict-affected regions.

PM Makes Cricket Analogy To Explain India’s Growth Momentum Drawing a parallel with India’s passion for cricket, the Prime Minister said public interest in the country’s development has reached unprecedented levels. He remarked that just as citizens closely follow a T-20 World Cup score, people now seek a “running commentary” on India’s economic progress. According to him, this growing curiosity reflects the rising aspirations and confidence of Indians, which is strengthening global trust in the country’s future.

“When so many expectations are attached and the world is looking at our country, our responsibility increases significantly,” the Prime Minister said.

PM Modi On Confidence In India’s Future Concluding his address, PM Modi expressed confidence that the collective strength of 140 crore Indians would help the country navigate global uncertainties.

Drawing comparisons to India’s response during the pandemic, he said the same unity and resilience will guide the country through the current crisis.

“In our every decision, the interest of the public will be paramount,” he said.

Reaffirming his commitment to the country’s long-term goals, the Prime Minister added, “India will become self-reliant in every sector and India will become developed in every circumstance.” (Disclaimer: The above press release comes to you under an arrangement with PNN and PTI takes no editorial responsibility for the same.). PTI PWR PWR

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