<h1>Presidential tariff authority reversed, trade deal's tariff basis challenged; India-US agreement's viability questioned, prompting political backlash domestically.</h1> Following a judicial curtailment of presidential power to impose global tariffs under emergency authority, the US administration invoked an alternative statute to impose a temporary import surcharge to preserve an existing India-US interim trade framework; this shift alters the tariff basis of the deal and raises questions about the surcharge's applicability to India and the deal's implications for market access, subsidy withdrawal, agricultural protections, energy security, and data safeguards.