<h1>Long-range cross-border drone strikes on energy and logistics raise use-of-force, attribution, and Article 51 self-defence concerns</h1> Long-range drone strikes by one state against another's energy and logistics infrastructure raise potential international law issues including use of force, attribution, and state responsibility; if characterized as armed attack they may lawfully trigger self-defence, but cross-border strikes must still comply with necessity and proportionality. Attacks on civilian infrastructure risk breaching international humanitarian law and could give rise to obligations to take precautions and to repair or compensate for transboundary economic harm. Escalatory effects also intersect with sanctions and export controls, influencing legal assessments of ongoing hostilities, interdiction of dual-use goods, and third-party liability for material support.