<h1>Former chief justice urges clear legal distinctions between intentional financial crimes, unintentional lapses, and technical compliance errors</h1> A former chief justice observed that not every failure to act with financial consequences constitutes a white-collar crime and urged clearer legal distinction among three categories: intentional economic offences (fraud, embezzlement, insider trading, money laundering, bribery), unintentional lapses due to ignorance, and technical or procedural compliance errors. He warned against laws that conflate these categories or impose disproportionate penalties including imprisonment for non-malicious lapses, highlighted rising cyber-enabled offences, supported legislative reduction of petty tax offences, and stressed the need for public awareness and reduced barriers to reporting victims without fear of harassment.