<h1>Aid conditionality limits relief as donor recognition and policy constraints reshape humanitarian delivery after the quake.</h1> Urgent humanitarian needs from a major earthquake are constrained by legal and policy barriers: donors and international agencies are directing assistance through multilateral and humanitarian channels rather than the de facto authorities, emergency UN funds and matched contributions have been deployed, and restrictions-particularly limits on female NGO employment and reduced bilateral funding-have led to health facility closures, impairing timely trauma care and relief delivery in remote areas.