<h1>Net Foreign Exchange obligation for SEZ units requires cumulative positive earnings or penal action under foreign trade law.</h1> SEZ developers and units receive fiscal benefits under the SEZ Act, 2005 but must meet a statutory Net Foreign Exchange (NFE) obligation-positive cumulative NFE over five years from production start-or face penal action under the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992. The budget imposed Minimum Alternate Tax and Dividend Distribution Tax on SEZ entities. Administrative rules provide three year approval validity under Rule 6, subject to Board recorded extensions, with approvals, notifications and state wise land allocations tracked to monitor investment, exports and employment impact.