The principal objectives behind creating Special Economic Zone (SEZs) in the country include:

i.  generation of additional economic activity

ii.  promotion of exports of goods and services;

iii.  promotion of investment from domestic and foreign sources;

iv.  creation of employment opportunities;

v.  development of infrastructure facilities

In addition to Seven Central Government Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and 11 State/Private Sector SEZs set-up prior to the enactment of the SEZs Act, 2005, approvals have been accorded to 405 proposals for setting up of SEZs in the country. Presently, out of 331 notified SEZs a total of 206 SEZs are operational.

As on 30.09.2016, an investment of ₹ 4,06,690 crore has been made in different SEZs and an employment for about 16.88 lakh persons has been generated. The various steps taken to strengthen SEZs in the country are as under:

i.  Minimum Land Area requirement for setting up of new SEZs has been reduced to 50% for Multi-product and Sector-specific SEZs.

ii.  Sectoral broad-banding has been introduced to encompass similar / related areas under the same Sector.

iii.  A new sector 'agro-based food processing' sector has been introduced to encourage agro-based industries in SEZs.

iv. Dual use of facilities like Social & Commercial infrastructure by SEZs and non-SEZs entities has been allowed   in order to make SEZ operations more viable.

v.  Online processing of various activities relating to SEZ Developers and Units has been introduced for improving ease of doing business.

This information was given by the Commerce and Industry Minister Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman in a written reply in Lok Sabha today.

Special Economic Zone reforms reduce land thresholds and permit shared infrastructure to boost investment and ease business operations. Regulatory adjustments aim to lower entry barriers and improve operational flexibility for Special Economic Zones: the Minimum Land Area requirement for new multi product and sector specific SEZs has been reduced; Sectoral Broad banding consolidates related activities; a new agro based food processing sector has been added; Dual Use Infrastructure is permitted between SEZ and non SEZ entities; and online processing of developer and unit approvals has been introduced to enhance ease of doing business and attract further investment and employment.