Bonus or commission deduction for employees turns on service-linked payment, not profit distribution, with customary bonus treated separately. Bonus or commission paid by an employer to an employee for services rendered is deductible if it is not payable as profits or dividend. Under the earlier provision, bonus or commission remained deductible even beyond the Payment of Bonus Act limits, provided it was paid within the relevant time and was not a profit distribution. The allowance generally operated on payment basis, subject to accrual principles and section 43B. Customary bonus was treated as outside the scope of the bonus-and-commission disallowance and did not attract the related section 43B disallowance.