Construction of residential villas under direct buyer agreements...

Construction of residential villas under direct buyer agreements remains a taxable supply of services even where the actual building work is fully outsourced, because the promoter retains contractual responsibility and the outsourced work is only a mode of performance. The transaction is treated as a naturally bundled composite supply, with construction of the villa as the principal supply; the specific residential construction entry under Heading 9954(ia) applies over the general works contract entry. For valuation, the notified GST mechanism for construction involving land requires deduction of one-third of the total amount charged as deemed land value, and actual land pricing does not displace that statutory formula.