Taxability of affiliation services: universities' affiliation taxable while government schools' board affiliation exempt, with past liabilities regularised. Affiliation services by universities to colleges are taxable and not covered by the educational exemption. Affiliation by Central/State boards to schools is taxable, with supplies to government schools exempt from the notified date; past GST on such affiliation to all schools is regularized on an as is where is basis. DGCA approved flying training courses with mandated completion certificates qualify as exempt education services. Ancillary services by GTAs during road transport form part of a composite supply unless supplied independently and invoiced separately.