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        Case ID :

        2025 (11) TMI 953 - HC - Service Tax

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        Quasi-judicial settlement proceedings under the legacy dispute scheme attracted Covid limitation extension, making payment valid compliance. Proceedings under Chapter V of the Finance Act, 2019 and the Sabka Vishwas (Legacy Dispute Resolution) Scheme Rules, 2019 were held to be quasi-judicial ...
                        Cases where this provision is explicitly mentioned in the judgment/order text; may not be exhaustive. To view the complete list of cases mentioning this section, Click here.

                            Quasi-judicial settlement proceedings under the legacy dispute scheme attracted Covid limitation extension, making payment valid compliance.

                            Proceedings under Chapter V of the Finance Act, 2019 and the Sabka Vishwas (Legacy Dispute Resolution) Scheme Rules, 2019 were held to be quasi-judicial because they required declaration, verification, scrutiny of records, estimation of liability and, in contested cases, hearing before final determination. That character attracted the Supreme Court's Covid-19 limitation extension orders. As the scheme's payment stage formed part of the ongoing quasi-judicial process, the petitioner's remittance fell within the extended period and had to be accepted as valid compliance, with the authorities directed to issue the discharge certificate and stop recovery steps.




                            Issues: (i) Whether the proceedings under Chapter V of the Finance Act, 2019 and the Sabka Vishwas (Legacy Dispute Resolution) Scheme Rules, 2019 are quasi-judicial in nature or merely administrative; (ii) Whether the period of limitation extended by the Supreme Court during the Covid-19 pandemic applies to payment under the settlement scheme so as to treat the petitioner's remittance as valid compliance.

                            Issue (i): Whether the proceedings under Chapter V of the Finance Act, 2019 and the Sabka Vishwas (Legacy Dispute Resolution) Scheme Rules, 2019 are quasi-judicial in nature or merely administrative.

                            Analysis: The scheme required a declaration by the assessee, verification by the designated committee, scrutiny of departmental records, estimation of the amount payable, and in contested cases an opportunity of hearing before the final statement was issued. The process was not based on mere subjective satisfaction or policy choice. It involved examination of legal liability, objective verification, and determination affecting civil rights and obligations. Those features satisfied the settled tests for a quasi-judicial function, including the duty to act judicially and decision-making on objective standards after inquiry.

                            Conclusion: The proceedings under the scheme are quasi-judicial and not merely administrative.

                            Issue (ii): Whether the period of limitation extended by the Supreme Court during the Covid-19 pandemic applies to payment under the settlement scheme so as to treat the petitioner's remittance as valid compliance.

                            Analysis: The Supreme Court's orders extended limitation for judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings and excluded the pandemic period for computation of limitation under general and special laws. Since the scheme proceedings were held to be quasi-judicial and culminated only upon payment and issuance of the discharge certificate, the extended period applied to the payment obligation as part of the ongoing proceeding. The petitioner's remittance was therefore within the extended period and could not be treated as belated for denying the scheme benefit.

                            Conclusion: The petitioner was entitled to treat the payment as valid compliance under the extended limitation period.

                            Final Conclusion: The impugned recovery steps were set aside and the authorities were required to accept the petitioner's payment as compliance with the settlement scheme and issue the discharge certificate.

                            Ratio Decidendi: Where a statutory settlement mechanism requires verification, estimation, hearing, and objective determination of liability before discharge, the proceeding is quasi-judicial, and a Supreme Court order extending limitation for judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings applies to the statutory payment stage of that proceeding.


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                            ActsIncome Tax
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