2025 (1) TMI 1496 - HC - Income Tax

Penalty proceedings under section 271DA within limitation period when initiated eleven days after assessment completion

Property Plus Realtors Versus Union Of India & Ors.

Property Plus Realtors Versus Union Of India & Ors. - 2025:DHC:454 - DB ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDEREDThe primary issue considered in this judgment is whether the impugned order imposing a penalty under Section 271DA of the Income Tax Act, 1961, is beyond the period of limitation as prescribed under Section 275(1)(c) of the Act. The court also examines whether the initiation of penalty proceedings was timely and if the date of initiation should be considered as the date of the assessment order or the date when the reference for initiation was made.ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSISRelevant Legal Framework and PrecedentsThe legal framework revolves around Section 269ST, which restricts cash transactions above a certain threshold, and Section 271DA, which provides for penalties for violations of Section 269ST. Section 275(1)(c) prescribes the limitation period for imposing penalties, stating that no order imposing a penalty shall be passed after the expiry of the financial year in which the proceedings were completed or six months from the end of the month in which the penalty action was initiated, whichever is later.The court referenced several precedents, including Principal Commissioner of Income Tax v. JKD Capital & Finlease Ltd. and Commissioner of Income Tax (TDS)-2 Delhi v. Turner General Entertainment Networks India Pvt. Ltd., which interpret the initiation of penalty proceedings as the first step taken towards such action.Court's Interpretation and ReasoningThe court interpreted the term 'initiation of penalty proceedings' as the commencement of action for imposing a penalty. It emphasized that the initiation refers to the first step, such as making a reference for penalty, rather than the date of the assessment order. The court found that the reference made on 08.04.2024 marked the initiation of penalty proceedings, not the date of the assessment order on 28.03.2024.Key Evidence and FindingsThe court noted that the assessment order dated 28.03.2024 mentioned the initiation of penalty proceedings but specified that a separate reference would be sent for this purpose. The actual reference was made on 08.04.2024, and the show cause notices were subsequently issued on 09.09.2024 and 27.09.2024.Application of Law to FactsThe court applied the legal principles to the facts, determining that the limitation period should be calculated from the date of the reference for penalty initiation (08.04.2024) rather than the assessment order date. This interpretation aligns with the statutory language and ensures that the limitation period is not arbitrarily extended.Treatment of Competing ArgumentsThe petitioner argued that the initiation should be considered as the date of the assessment order, citing potential for arbitrary extension of the limitation period. The court acknowledged this concern but found that the eleven-day gap between the assessment order and the reference was reasonable and did not constitute an arbitrary extension.SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGSThe court held that the initiation of penalty proceedings is marked by the first action taken towards imposing a penalty, which in this case was the reference made on 08.04.2024. It concluded that the limitation period should be calculated from this date, not the assessment order date.The court also emphasized that while the limitation period cannot be extended arbitrarily, the eleven-day period between the assessment order and the reference was reasonable and did not warrant a finding that the penalty was imposed beyond the limitation period.The petition was dismissed, with the court clarifying that the petitioner could pursue other grounds in appellate proceedings, except for the claim that the order was passed beyond the limitation period.