2025 (1) TMI 879 - HC - Income Tax

Section 115JB Income Tax Act inapplicable to electricity generation companies before Finance Act 2012 amendment

DCIT, Circle-25 (1), New Delhi Versus Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd.

DCIT, Circle-25 (1), New Delhi Versus Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd. - 2025:DHC:121 - DB, [2025] 476 ITR 659 1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDEREDThe core legal question considered in this judgment is:Whether the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) was justified in deleting the additions made on account of Book Profit under Section 115JB of the Income Tax Act, 1961, for the assessee engaged in electricity generation and distribution during the assessment year (AY) 2008-09.2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSISRelevant Legal Framework and PrecedentsSection 115JB of the Income Tax Act pertains to the computation of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on companies. The provision mandates that if the income tax payable on the total income of a company, as computed under the Act, is less than a specified percentage of its book profit, then the book profit shall be deemed to be the total income of the company, and tax shall be payable on such total income. The Kerala High Court's decision in Kerala State Electricity Board v. Deputy Commissioner of Income-tax was pivotal, as it ruled that Section 115JB did not apply to electricity companies prior to the 2012 amendment.Court's Interpretation and ReasoningThe Delhi High Court considered the applicability of Section 115JB to the assessee, an electricity generation and distribution company. The court noted that the ITAT had relied on the Kerala High Court's precedent, which found that the MAT provisions under Section 115JB were not applicable to electricity companies before the amendment by the Finance Act, 2012. The Delhi High Court upheld this interpretation, agreeing that the legislative intent was to exclude electricity companies from the purview of Section 115JB until the amendment.Key Evidence and FindingsThe court's findings were primarily based on the legislative history and judicial precedents regarding the applicability of Section 115JB to electricity companies. The ITAT's reliance on the Kerala High Court's decision was a significant factor, as it provided a judicial basis for excluding the assessee from Section 115JB's application.Application of Law to FactsThe court applied the legal principles established in prior judgments to the facts of the case, determining that the assessee, being an electricity generation and distribution company, was not subject to the MAT provisions under Section 115JB for AY 2008-09. This conclusion was consistent with the legislative framework prior to the 2012 amendment.Treatment of Competing ArgumentsThe Revenue argued for the applicability of Section 115JB, citing the additions made by the Assessing Officer (AO) to the book profits of the assessee. However, the court found that the ITAT's decision to exclude the assessee from Section 115JB's application was supported by judicial precedent and legislative intent, thus dismissing the Revenue's appeal.ConclusionsThe court concluded that Section 115JB was inapplicable to the assessee for the relevant assessment year, affirming the ITAT's decision to delete the additions made by the AO on account of book profit under Section 115JB.3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGSPreserve Verbatim Quotes of Crucial Legal ReasoningThe court stated, 'Finding parity of facts with facts of the judgment of the Hon'ble Kerala High Court [supra], respectfully following the finding of the Hon'ble High Court, we hold the provisions of section 115JB of the Act are not applicable to the appellant company.'Core Principles EstablishedSection 115JB of the Income Tax Act is not applicable to electricity generation and distribution companies prior to the amendment by the Finance Act, 2012.The legislative intent and judicial precedents support the exclusion of such companies from the MAT provisions during the relevant period.Final Determinations on Each IssueThe court upheld the ITAT's decision, concluding that the additions made to the assessee's book profit under Section 115JB were unjustified, and the Revenue's appeal was dismissed. The court's decision in ITA 687/2019, which addressed the same legal question for a different assessment year, was also referenced to support this conclusion.