Property partition among family members qualifies for long-term capital gains treatment, not short-term acquisition

Bharat Kumar Ramani Versus Income Tax Officer, Ward-5 (3), Hyderabad

Bharat Kumar Ramani Versus Income Tax Officer, Ward-5 (3), Hyderabad - TMI Issues:
1. Treatment of capital gains arising from partition among family members.
2. Interpretation of transfer within the meaning of Section 45/47(i) of the Act.
3. Dispute regarding acquisition of share from co-parceners as 'transfer'.
4. Determination of short term vs. long term capital gains in the case.

Analysis:
1. The case involved a dispute over the treatment of capital gains arising from a partition among family members. The assessee inherited property from his father and subsequently acquired additional shares through a compromise decree. The Assessing Officer treated the acquisition as short term capital gains, leading to an appeal by the assessee.

2. The main issue revolved around the interpretation of 'transfer' within the meaning of Section 45/47(i) of the Act. The Revenue argued that the acquisition of shares from co-parceners by paying consideration constituted a transfer, resulting in short term capital gains. The contention was whether such acquisition should be considered a transfer under the Act.

3. The Revenue disputed that the acquisition of shares from co-parceners should be treated as a transfer, distinguishing it from devolvement from the father. The argument was that while devolvement from parents resulted in long term capital gains, acquiring shares from co-parceners led to short term capital gains.

4. The Tribunal analyzed the legal principles and previous court decisions regarding partition among family members. It emphasized that until the partition process reached its logical conclusion with the allottees taking possession of the property, variations in shares were possible. The Tribunal referred to a Supreme Court decision to support this view.

5. Upon reviewing the compromise decree, the Tribunal concluded that it was not merely a payment transaction but an adjustment of equities among family members. It held that the assessee acquired the property under the decree from the father, not directly from co-parceners. Therefore, the entire capital gains were deemed as long term capital gains, directing the Assessing Officer to treat them as such.

6. In the final decision, the Tribunal allowed the appeal of the assessee, stating that the entire capital gains should be treated as long term capital gains. The judgment was pronounced on October 31, 2023, in favor of the assessee.