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Issues: Whether the testamentary court had jurisdiction to entertain applications seeking directions against the company and its chairman in relation to a proposed acquisition, including service of notice on a non-party, production of documents and interim restraint, for the alleged protection of the deceased's estate.
Analysis: The Court held that in a probate proceeding its primary function is to examine the genuineness of the will and, under Section 247 of the Indian Succession Act, 1925, to protect the estate by appointing an administrator pendente lite where necessary. It accepted that a company is a separate juristic entity and that a shareholder has no interest in the company's assets; therefore the company's internal management and business decisions could not be treated as part of the deceased's estate. The Court further held that the proposed acquisition decision fell within the exclusive powers of the board of directors under the Companies Act, 2013 and was not subject to control by the probate court or by the promoter's alleged controlling interest. It also held that no injunction could be issued against a stranger to the probate proceeding and no foreign issue concerning company management could be adjudicated in that forum. The newspaper material, even assuming some supporting documents were later filed, did not alter the basic jurisdictional bar.
Conclusion: The applications were not maintainable before the testamentary court and the reliefs sought could not be granted in that proceeding.