Appeals partially allowed, remanded for re-adjudication on specific issues. Judicial precedents and statutes considered.

The Tribunal partly allowed both appeals for statistical purposes, directing re-adjudication on specific issues. Various judicial precedents and statutory provisions were considered in the decision, providing a comprehensive resolution to the disputed matters.

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Issues Involved:
1. Disallowance of repair and maintenance expenses as capital expenditure.
2. Non-entertainment of additional grounds of appeal regarding depreciation on plant and machinery.
3. Non-entertainment of additional grounds of appeal regarding deduction for subsidy received.
4. Disallowance of provision for doubtful debts.
5. Disallowance of expenses incurred on an abandoned LPG project.
6. Disallowance of depreciation for the Nylon-6 Plant on the amount received and treated towards repairs.
7. Deletion of pre-commencement-stage income as not assessable under the head "income from other sources."
8. Deletion of addition of excise duty component attributable to finished goods while computing valuation of closing stock.

Detailed Analysis:

1. Disallowance of Repair and Maintenance Expenses as Capital Expenditure:
The assessee argued that the entire expenditure on repairs and maintenance is of revenue nature and fully allowable. The AO disallowed 5% of the total expenditure, considering it as capital expenditure. The CIT(A) reduced this to 1%, recognizing that some items were replacements or new purchases with enduring benefits. The Tribunal upheld the CIT(A)'s decision, noting the lack of detailed bills and vouchers from the assessee.

2. Non-entertainment of Additional Grounds of Appeal Regarding Depreciation on Plant and Machinery:
The AO disallowed the depreciation claimed by the assessee on the Ammonia-IV Plant, considering it to be at the pre-commencement stage. The CIT(A) upheld this, distinguishing from the Ashima Syntex Ltd. case, where machines installed worked immediately. The Tribunal, however, allowed the claim, citing that user of machinery in test production is still user for business purposes, supported by the decision of the Madras High Court in V. Ramakrishna and Sons Ltd.

3. Non-entertainment of Additional Grounds of Appeal Regarding Deduction for Subsidy Received:
The assessee's claim for deduction of the subsidy recovered by the government was not entertained by the CIT(A). The Tribunal did not provide a detailed analysis of this issue in the provided text.

4. Disallowance of Provision for Doubtful Debts:
The AO rejected the claim for deduction of provision for doubtful debts as the debts were not actually written off. The CIT(A) upheld this, directing the AO to allow the amount when actually written off. The Tribunal, following its earlier decision in the assessee's own case, upheld the CIT(A)'s decision.

5. Disallowance of Expenses Incurred on an Abandoned LPG Project:
The AO disallowed the claim of expenditure on the abandoned LPG project as it was not linked to the existing business. The CIT(A) upheld this, noting it was an entirely new project. The Tribunal restored the issue to the AO for fresh consideration, following its decision in the assessee's case for the AY 1996-97.

6. Disallowance of Depreciation for the Nylon-6 Plant on the Amount Received and Treated Towards Repairs:
The AO reduced the entire amount received from the insurance company from the WDV of the plant and machinery, disallowing 25% of the depreciation claimed. The CIT(A) upheld this, and the Tribunal, following its earlier decision, rejected the assessee's ground.

7. Deletion of Pre-commencement-stage Income as Not Assessable Under the Head "Income from Other Sources":
The AO treated the amount from trial run production as revenue receipt and assessed it under "Income from other sources." The CIT(A) deleted this addition, relying on the Supreme Court's decision in Bokaro Steel Ltd., which held that such receipts reduce the costs of assets and are of a capital nature. The Tribunal upheld the CIT(A)'s decision.

8. Deletion of Addition of Excise Duty Component Attributable to Finished Goods While Computing Valuation of Closing Stock:
The AO included excise duty in the valuation of finished goods lying in the factory. The CIT(A) deleted this addition, relying on a decision of the Madras High Court. The Tribunal vacated the CIT(A)'s findings and restored the matter to the AO to re-adjudicate in light of sec. 145A of the Act, which mandates adjustments for tax, duty, cess, or fee in the valuation of purchase, sale, and inventory.

Conclusion:
Both appeals are partly allowed for statistical purposes, with directions for re-adjudication on specific issues. The Tribunal's decision incorporates various judicial precedents and statutory provisions, ensuring a comprehensive resolution of the disputed matters.

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