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Issues: (i) Whether the Chief Controlling Revenue Authority was bound, and could be directed, to state a case under section 57 of the Stamp Act at the instance of the party affected by the stamp assessment. (ii) Whether the High Court lacked jurisdiction to issue such a direction by reason of section 226(1) of the Government of India Act, 1935, because the matter concerned revenue and had reached the stage of recovery.
Issue (i): Whether the Chief Controlling Revenue Authority was bound, and could be directed, to state a case under section 57 of the Stamp Act at the instance of the party affected by the stamp assessment.
Analysis: The power under section 57 was not treated as a mere discretion for the authority's own benefit. The assessment raised a serious and intricate question of law as to the construction and effect of the instrument, and the party liable to duty had a direct interest in obtaining a judicial ruling. The scheme of the Stamp Act, read with the analogous provisions for references under sections 56(2) and 60, supported the view that the power to state a case was coupled with a duty where an important question of law arose.
Conclusion: The authority was bound to state a case, and the party affected could seek a direction compelling performance of that duty.
Issue (ii): Whether the High Court lacked jurisdiction to issue such a direction by reason of section 226(1) of the Government of India Act, 1935, because the matter concerned revenue and had reached the stage of recovery.
Analysis: A direction requiring a revenue authority to discharge its statutory duty was not the exercise of original jurisdiction in a matter concerning the revenue. The relief sought did not obstruct recovery proceedings or interfere with the collection of duty, but only compelled performance of the statutory obligation to refer the question for opinion. The fact that the matter had moved from assessment to recovery did not alter the character of the relief.
Conclusion: The High Court had jurisdiction to direct the authority to state a case, and section 226(1) did not bar such relief.
Final Conclusion: The appeal failed on both grounds, and the direction to state a case was sustained.
Ratio Decidendi: Where a public revenue authority is empowered to state a case on an important question of law affecting assessment of duty, that power may be coupled with a duty enforceable by the court; a direction compelling performance of that statutory duty is not barred by the exclusion of original jurisdiction in revenue matters.