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Permanent establishment rules: MLI-modified criteria expand nexus, prevent contract-splitting and specific-activity avoidance, and clarify agency and closely related enterprise tests. The Convention defines permanent establishment as a fixed place of business with listed examples and temporal thresholds for construction or installation projects. MLI modifications aggregate related periods and activities (anti-contract-splitting) and tighten specific-activity exemptions for preparatory or auxiliary functions, while agency and closely related person tests determine when personnel or affiliated enterprises create a PE.
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Provisions expressly mentioned in the judgment/order text.
Permanent establishment rules: MLI-modified criteria expand nexus, prevent contract-splitting and specific-activity avoidance, and clarify agency and closely related enterprise tests.
The Convention defines permanent establishment as a fixed place of business with listed examples and temporal thresholds for construction or installation projects. MLI modifications aggregate related periods and activities (anti-contract-splitting) and tighten specific-activity exemptions for preparatory or auxiliary functions, while agency and closely related person tests determine when personnel or affiliated enterprises create a PE.
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